Thomas Tull: From Batman Dark Knight Trilogy to AI and The Rolling Stones #259

Transcript

00:00:00 The following is a conversation with Thomas Tall,

00:00:02 founder of Legendary Entertainment,

00:00:04 known for producing blockbusters

00:00:06 like Batman’s Dark Knight Trilogy,

00:00:09 The Hangover franchise, Godzilla, Inception,

00:00:12 Jurassic World, 300, and many more.

00:00:15 He runs Tolko, which is an investment company

00:00:18 that focuses on how artificial intelligence

00:00:21 can revolutionize large industries.

00:00:23 He is part owner of the Pittsburgh Steelers.

00:00:26 He’s the guitarist for the band Ghost Hounds

00:00:29 that tours with the Rolling Stones.

00:00:31 But most importantly, he’s humble, down to earth,

00:00:35 and someone who has quickly become a mentor and friend.

00:00:39 This is the Lex Friedman podcast.

00:00:41 To support it, please check out our sponsors

00:00:43 in the description.

00:00:44 And now, here’s my conversation with Thomas Tall.

00:00:49 In 2004, you founded Legendary Entertainment,

00:00:53 known for producing blockbusters

00:00:55 like Batman’s Dark Knight Trilogy,

00:00:57 that includes Batman Begins, Dark Knight,

00:00:59 and Dark Knight Rises, The Hangover franchise,

00:01:03 Godzilla, Inception, Jurassic World, 300,

00:01:05 and the list goes on.

00:01:07 It’s just some of the biggest movies in history.

00:01:10 What does it take to make an epic movie like that?

00:01:12 Or what does it take to make it happen

00:01:14 from start to finish?

00:01:16 Well, look, I’ve been enamored with movies

00:01:19 since I was a kid as a fan,

00:01:21 and I think what you need is to be able

00:01:25 to tell a great story.

00:01:26 And if you’re gonna tell a great story,

00:01:28 you need a great director.

00:01:30 You gotta start with a fantastic script

00:01:33 that is able to take some of these iconic characters

00:01:38 that we did and put your own stamp on it

00:01:41 while still respecting the mythology.

00:01:44 And I had zero experience in movies and television

00:01:48 before I started Legendary,

00:01:50 so it was a very interesting trip.

00:01:53 Total luck that we had the opportunity

00:01:57 to make five movies at the time with Chris Nolan,

00:02:01 who turned out to be one of the greatest filmmakers

00:02:03 of all time.

00:02:04 But each one is its own little startup company,

00:02:08 and I don’t think there’s any formula to get there,

00:02:11 but I know that if you don’t have a great director

00:02:15 and a great script, if you don’t have that foundation,

00:02:17 it’s hard to pull off.

00:02:18 Who’s the CEO of that little startup company?

00:02:21 Is it the director?

00:02:22 Who would you say defines the success

00:02:25 or the failure of a movie?

00:02:26 Well, when you build a big movie like that,

00:02:30 it’s an enormous effort, 360 degrees.

00:02:33 I mean, from digital effects, certainly the actors.

00:02:37 I mean, if you have an amazing script and amazing director,

00:02:40 but you don’t believe anybody playing the parts,

00:02:42 that’s a problem.

00:02:43 So the reason I think it was so difficult to pull off

00:02:47 is I always used to say you start with a stack of papers

00:02:51 with words on it called the script, bring that to life,

00:02:55 and you’re asking an audience to believe in everything

00:02:58 that you’re trying to put out there,

00:03:00 and you’ve got a cast that,

00:03:02 even if they’re immensely talented individually,

00:03:05 they have to mesh together,

00:03:06 they have to have chemistry together.

00:03:09 And the director is kind of a general on the battlefield,

00:03:13 but if you have a strong producer who’s very hands on,

00:03:18 but it truly, to me, is each one had its own story

00:03:22 and its own sort of how it came to be

00:03:24 and why it worked or didn’t work.

00:03:28 See, you said you were new to the industry,

00:03:30 but you did a lot of revolutionary things with Legendary.

00:03:34 So at that time and now, what is the good, the bad,

00:03:38 and the ugly of the business of filmmaking?

00:03:41 What are some interesting holes that you were able to,

00:03:44 or like problems that you were able to fix?

00:03:47 What problems still exist that can still be solved?

00:03:51 Well, look, the business has changed so radically

00:03:55 since 2004.

00:03:58 When I started Legendary, DVDs were still a cash cow.

00:04:01 So that’s how far things have come.

00:04:05 But I would say a couple of things.

00:04:07 The reason that I started it from a business perspective

00:04:10 was at the time it was a $30 billion industry,

00:04:14 and there was no institutional capital

00:04:17 around the movie business.

00:04:19 And I was fascinated by that

00:04:20 because almost every other category that you look at

00:04:23 of that size has institutional capital,

00:04:26 private equity, et cetera,

00:04:27 is kind of a cottage industry set up around it.

00:04:31 And I was perplexed and fascinated that that didn’t occur.

00:04:35 And the way the movie business worked

00:04:36 was unlike any business I’d ever looked at before.

00:04:40 So after kind of convincing myself

00:04:43 that you could actually make money

00:04:45 if you were disciplined and had the right approach,

00:04:49 you know, went out,

00:04:50 raised the money from the capital markets,

00:04:52 markets which was Herculean,

00:04:54 still maybe the hardest thing I’ve ever done in my career,

00:04:58 to walk around and say, look, I have no experience.

00:05:01 I’ve never done this before, but, you know.

00:05:04 And the second thing, being very fortunate at the time,

00:05:08 was able to partner up with Warner Brothers.

00:05:11 Warner’s at the time was run by a man named Alan Horn,

00:05:15 who besides being creative is also a Harvard MBA.

00:05:18 So really understood what I wanted to do.

00:05:22 And Alan, you know, was just an absolute gentleman,

00:05:26 someone that I still look up to to this day.

00:05:29 After Warner Brothers, he went and ran Disney

00:05:31 with their run, you know,

00:05:33 between Marvel and Star Wars and everything.

00:05:35 And so between Alan being responsible for Harry Potter,

00:05:40 the Dark Knight stuff, and then onto all the Disney stuff,

00:05:43 he probably had as great a career

00:05:44 as anyone I’ve ever heard of in the movie business.

00:05:47 So my first focus was around sort of two concepts,

00:05:52 global, worldwide, large tentpole films and franchises,

00:05:57 and then the business aspect of being,

00:05:59 bringing longterm institutional capital to bear.

00:06:03 I’m gonna ask you dumb questions,

00:06:05 which is part of the style, I guess.

00:06:10 But just for people who don’t know, including me,

00:06:13 what is institutional, what is capital?

00:06:16 What is institutional capital?

00:06:18 What is equity, what is private equity?

00:06:20 Got it, okay.

00:06:21 Well, so if you’re starting a company

00:06:27 and you go around to a bunch of your successful friends

00:06:30 and say, hey, you should invest in my company.

00:06:34 Well, that’s sort of, that’s great and it’s capital,

00:06:37 but it’s not getting money from Fidelity or TRO

00:06:42 or a sovereign wealth fund or an endowment fund

00:06:46 from a university that has large pools of organized capital

00:06:52 that has a longterm point of view on your business.

00:06:56 So if you get money from your neighbor

00:06:59 who’s a successful dentist,

00:07:01 next year the dentist may say,

00:07:03 hey, times are hard, I need my money back.

00:07:07 If you’re partners with Fidelity or Morgan Stanley

00:07:10 or any of these institutions,

00:07:12 they have the capital and the wherewithal to say,

00:07:16 okay, I’m looking at this over the next five to 10 years.

00:07:19 And I thought there was an opportunity

00:07:21 to bring that type of capital to the movie business

00:07:26 to be patient.

00:07:27 And the benefit of that patient, so it’s longterm,

00:07:32 you have to deal with fewer parties

00:07:34 and they would do much larger investments.

00:07:38 So what are the benefits?

00:07:40 What are the sort of the challenges

00:07:41 of that kind of investment?

00:07:42 Well, I think the benefits in some ways

00:07:45 are they’re professionals who are largely dispassionate.

00:07:48 It’s like, look, if you’re hitting the numbers you told me

00:07:51 and you’re hitting your plan, great.

00:07:55 And the other thing that always was interesting to me

00:07:58 about the movie business is if I’m investing

00:08:02 in an artificial intelligence company

00:08:04 or a chipset company or something like that,

00:08:07 a lot of the institutions don’t have the technical expertise

00:08:11 to really truly grasp what’s being done.

00:08:16 So they don’t, other than good business practices,

00:08:19 they’re not offering every little opinion.

00:08:21 The movies and television are completely approachable,

00:08:25 meaning everybody has an opinion.

00:08:27 So whether it’s, I think you guys chose the wrong actor

00:08:31 for that or why did you do that movie?

00:08:34 So it invites a lot more sort of second guessing

00:08:38 and things like that.

00:08:39 So that was always one of the idiosyncrasies

00:08:42 of the business that I thought was interesting.

00:08:47 And then when you talk about private equity

00:08:50 versus public equity, if you’re a public company

00:08:52 where the companies are traded,

00:08:56 you wanna buy Microsoft shares, you just go to your broker,

00:08:59 go on TD Ameritrade and buy them.

00:09:01 If on the other hand, you’re talking about private equity,

00:09:04 that’s institutions or individuals

00:09:08 investing in private companies.

00:09:11 So thus, if you have pools of capital

00:09:13 that mostly invest in private equity deals,

00:09:16 that’s how you’d think about it.

00:09:18 It’s difficult to make those happen

00:09:20 because it’s individuals, you have to sort of,

00:09:23 what, have dinners and agree.

00:09:26 So it’s much less, it’s much more human,

00:09:31 much less mechanical, I would say.

00:09:33 Yeah, now, and again, massive difference

00:09:36 between large private equity shops who are professionalized

00:09:41 and in the same category that I mentioned earlier

00:09:44 versus private individuals who are wealthy or whatever.

00:09:49 But again, it’s much more individualized

00:09:51 when you’re going to people who like your idea

00:09:55 and just say, I’d like to invest in this.

00:09:58 Is that, from all the kinds of investments you’ve seen,

00:10:03 what do you think is the most conducive

00:10:05 to creating works of genius,

00:10:08 whether that’s in technology, AI space,

00:10:11 or whether that’s in movies?

00:10:12 So creating something special in this world.

00:10:16 I would say a couple of things.

00:10:18 Enough money that whatever endeavor you’re going into,

00:10:23 that you’re not so nervous about the edges, right?

00:10:27 If I have $100 to spend and I think I can create

00:10:32 a perpetual motion machine or something for $104,

00:10:37 I can’t do it because they’re all over me about the budget.

00:10:39 So I would say making sure that you have enough capital,

00:10:43 making sure that that capital is patient enough

00:10:46 so that it’s, if you’re gonna do things

00:10:48 that are extraordinary, it takes some time.

00:10:52 And you’re gonna break stuff, right?

00:10:55 You’re gonna make mistakes,

00:10:56 you’re gonna have a whole bunch of film

00:10:58 on the cutting room floor, so to speak,

00:11:00 or if you’re in the lab,

00:11:01 you’re gonna have a whole bunch of broken stuff.

00:11:04 And I also think it’s very important at the beginning,

00:11:07 and I always try to do this with companies I invest in

00:11:10 or buy, is make sure that you have a philosophical

00:11:15 and somewhat mechanical alignment with the management team.

00:11:20 So that going in, you both understand,

00:11:23 hey, this is how we think about this problem

00:11:26 or this company, this is what we feel like our culture is,

00:11:30 this is what our goal is, and these are the metrics

00:11:32 by which we’ll agree to measure them by.

00:11:35 Because if you don’t have that shared,

00:11:39 you know, hey, we’re gonna take this journey,

00:11:42 then I think that’s where people get upset,

00:11:45 disappointed, et cetera.

00:11:47 What about, this is a weird question, but constraints.

00:11:50 So this is both for filmmaking and investment.

00:11:54 Do you think more money is always better?

00:11:57 No.

00:11:58 So I like constraints a lot.

00:12:01 It’s like constraints and almost like a desperation,

00:12:06 and deadlines are catalysts for creativity,

00:12:10 for productivity, for sort of innovation.

00:12:15 So can you kind of speak to that as an investor,

00:12:19 as a creator, like what’s the right balance here?

00:12:23 Well, I think if you’re focused on a particular problem

00:12:27 or a company or a thesis, if you have that focus

00:12:31 and you feel like I have unlimited resources

00:12:36 or renewable resources, so there’s really,

00:12:39 there’s no leverage in the situation, right?

00:12:43 There’s no, if I fail at this,

00:12:47 I’ll just go get more money, right?

00:12:49 I’ll just go, I think that’s a hard way to be resilient

00:12:55 and to think of new ways to solve problems.

00:13:00 So I think capitalizing things just, you know,

00:13:05 to the nth degree does create some problems.

00:13:08 So I think there’s that perfect blend of

00:13:11 don’t starve the oxygen to the point

00:13:14 where you make short term decisions

00:13:15 or non strategic or thoughtful decisions

00:13:18 because you gotta pay the rent.

00:13:20 And on the other hand, you can’t have it be like this,

00:13:24 you know, everlasting gobstopper of whatever you want

00:13:28 will just keep flowing the cash

00:13:30 because that doesn’t create any friction points

00:13:33 that I think do result in works of genius,

00:13:38 works of genius in things that, you know,

00:13:42 that are transformative.

00:13:44 And one of the things that is interesting to me

00:13:48 about society sort of writ large is

00:13:54 I think that when you go through hard times

00:13:59 and you have to do things that are uncomfortable

00:14:02 and you don’t wanna do them because you’re tired,

00:14:04 because you’re, that in some ways builds up that

00:14:09 you’re comfortable being uncomfortable muscle.

00:14:12 And I sometimes think we’re losing that a little bit

00:14:17 and you can’t sort of paint with a wide brush,

00:14:20 but you know, that’s one of the things

00:14:25 that I kind of observe and hope that we don’t go that way.

00:14:30 I do think challenge and discomfort are a kind of gift

00:14:34 because like overcoming that,

00:14:36 it’s like from every perspective,

00:14:39 from a human perspective, it’s a source of happiness

00:14:41 and fulfillment, overcoming challenge.

00:14:43 But from a business perspective,

00:14:45 I see like if something is really difficult,

00:14:48 to me it’s also a sign that most others would,

00:14:51 or many others would fail at this point.

00:14:54 So like it’s a feature.

00:14:55 It’s nice that something is difficult.

00:14:58 When people tell you that something is impossible,

00:15:02 I love that because it’s like, all right,

00:15:03 well then that’s what a lot of people would believe.

00:15:06 And that gives you an opportunity to be the person

00:15:09 who shows it’s not impossible.

00:15:11 And you, of course you might be wrong,

00:15:12 but if you’re not wrong,

00:15:14 you have the opportunity to stand out.

00:15:15 So going through that hardship, taking those big risks,

00:15:18 it’s going to really pay off.

00:15:20 So like discomfort is a feature, not a bug

00:15:26 of both personal life, it’s just good for life,

00:15:30 but for business, it seems like just good business sense.

00:15:34 If something is hard, it’s probably a good idea to do that.

00:15:38 Yeah.

00:15:39 Because most others will fail.

00:15:41 Fun question.

00:15:42 I don’t know if you can answer this,

00:15:43 but what’s the most expensive movie

00:15:46 you were involved with to make?

00:15:48 And why was it, you don’t have to say numbers,

00:15:50 but like is something stand out

00:15:53 as being exceptionally expensive and why is it expensive?

00:15:57 Um, I think Jurassic World was pretty expensive.

00:16:01 Nice.

00:16:02 I mean, worked out great.

00:16:05 And, uh.

00:16:06 That’s an epic film, by the way.

00:16:09 It, look, it’s one of my favorites.

00:16:13 They just did an amazing job.

00:16:16 And frankly, the crazy thing about my life

00:16:20 is all the stuff that I loved as a kid

00:16:23 somehow came full circle back into my adult life.

00:16:27 And having the opportunity while I was out there

00:16:31 to develop a friendship with Steven Spielberg

00:16:35 and then have my name on the same film as Steven Spielberg.

00:16:39 I mean, that was pretty surreal.

00:16:44 So that was an expensive film.

00:16:46 You know, Dark Knight Rises was an expensive film.

00:16:49 But again, to me, there’s a difference

00:16:51 between expensive and irresponsible,

00:16:54 and expensive because the vision warranted

00:16:58 and it turned out financially it certainly did.

00:17:01 Yeah, with Jurassic World, it’s.

00:17:04 I mean, I can’t even imagine having those meetings

00:17:06 because like you have to create so much

00:17:08 and so much of it is obviously not real.

00:17:11 You can’t bring dinosaurs in a.

00:17:14 Yeah.

00:17:15 Is that where a lot of the cost is,

00:17:17 is in the computer side of things?

00:17:22 Yeah, those are generally pretty massive components

00:17:26 of the budget, and especially if you’re doing it

00:17:30 and inventing things as you go.

00:17:32 I mean, Jim Cameron is one of those filmmakers

00:17:36 who is designing the plane as it’s flying

00:17:41 in such a brilliant way.

00:17:43 And I’ve got to know him over the years

00:17:47 and just in awe of the way his brain works.

00:17:51 And so yeah, it’s a big component.

00:17:55 Can you speak a little bit more to him

00:17:57 in terms of, because you’re such a fascinating person

00:18:01 because you care a lot about technology.

00:18:02 You care a lot about the cutting edge of technology.

00:18:06 So how does he, a creator, a director,

00:18:10 build the plane while it’s flying?

00:18:12 Like what’s the role of innovation in this whole process?

00:18:15 Well, so I never made a film with Jim.

00:18:20 I’m just a huge fan and got to know him

00:18:23 and John Landau, his producing partner.

00:18:27 And one of the things that just fascinates me about Jim is,

00:18:31 so he makes Titanic and there’s a bunch of underwater cameras

00:18:34 and things that they need that don’t exist.

00:18:37 So he goes and invents them and has a good grasp

00:18:42 of engineering and has not only the imagination,

00:18:46 but the ability to lead a team to build them.

00:18:50 I got to go down early when they were shooting Avatar

00:18:55 at a warehouse, I think it was, where they were shooting.

00:18:57 And as they were explaining to me how they were capturing it

00:19:02 and that they could go back later

00:19:03 because they created the environment, it blew my mind.

00:19:08 And I said, okay, this is truly,

00:19:11 people talk about a big leap.

00:19:13 This certainly is one.

00:19:14 So he has continued to push the envelope

00:19:18 in terms of the art of the possible.

00:19:20 And I just think he’s an incredible genius in that way.

00:19:26 Again, another hard question.

00:19:27 So you, in the realm of music, care about story, storytelling.

00:19:33 Is there some aspect in which money

00:19:37 and beautiful graphics get in the way of story?

00:19:40 In filmmaking, so if you think about Jurassic World,

00:19:47 obviously that’s an experience like any other.

00:19:52 Like what do you think about the tension

00:19:54 between story, experience and like visual effects?

00:20:01 Well, look, if you’re using big effect shots

00:20:06 and all kinds of tricks to cover over the fact

00:20:10 that you don’t have a very interesting story to tell,

00:20:13 that’s where I think it gets in the way.

00:20:17 Where I think you have these incredible filmmakers,

00:20:21 we mentioned Chris Nolan and Jim Cameron,

00:20:23 Guillermo del Toro, you could go on and on,

00:20:28 folks that just see the world differently

00:20:33 and use technology to enhance the storytelling, right?

00:20:38 To make you believe differently,

00:20:42 rather to make you not just suspend your disbelief,

00:20:46 but to feel like you’re immersed in it.

00:20:49 So I’ve certainly seen it done expertly

00:20:52 and I’ve seen it done poorly.

00:20:54 You’ve talked about this a little bit in the past.

00:20:57 You kind of left the moviemaking business

00:21:02 at an interesting time, perhaps you saw the changes.

00:21:07 There’s been a lot of excitement with Netflix, with TV,

00:21:10 so the role of film in society has changed.

00:21:13 So what do you think is the future of movies versus TV?

00:21:18 Like if you were as a business person, as a creator,

00:21:21 as a consumer, as a technologist,

00:21:24 are thinking about the next 10, 20 years,

00:21:27 what do you think is going to be the godfather,

00:21:31 the great pieces that move us as a society

00:21:36 in the next 10, 20 years?

00:21:37 Is it going to be TV?

00:21:38 Is it going to be movie?

00:21:39 Is it going to be a TikTok clips?

00:21:43 What is it?

00:21:44 Well, so, and I think the other category

00:21:48 that I would add to that, that will be the next great medium

00:21:52 is truly immersive virtual reality

00:21:55 in which new storytellers will emerge,

00:22:00 especially when you can go into VR

00:22:03 and there’s enough computing power to sustain it

00:22:08 and to allow it to be social

00:22:10 and for you to have different paths to go down.

00:22:14 That’ll be, I think, the next realm

00:22:17 of what storytelling and experience will look like.

00:22:20 Do you think a video game kind of world

00:22:22 or is it more movies or is it more social network

00:22:26 or is it all of it kind of blending reality and gaming

00:22:30 and movies?

00:22:31 Yeah, I thought if you saw Ready Player One,

00:22:35 which I love the book and the movie was cool too,

00:22:39 but that’s one version of it, right?

00:22:42 Where you go in, now everybody’s talking about the metaverse

00:22:46 and all that, but you go into a world

00:22:47 that’s fully rendered as yourself

00:22:50 and you interact with that world.

00:22:51 The other side of it is to go in somewhere

00:22:54 between being a passive observer,

00:22:57 but being able to move around your point of view

00:23:00 and experiences, which I think is interesting.

00:23:03 And then I think another adventure, so to speak,

00:23:07 I could think of is a blend of video games.

00:23:10 So there’s a mission, right?

00:23:12 There’s obstacles, there’s everything

00:23:14 and you move through it, but it’s immersive

00:23:17 and it tells a story at the same time.

00:23:19 And that’s why I think you’re gonna see

00:23:22 new amazing storytellers that we don’t know yet

00:23:27 that understand how to innovate

00:23:29 and how to make you feel something in that environment.

00:23:34 And to your earlier point, I saw probably around 2015

00:23:41 when Netflix decided to be bold, put out House of Cards,

00:23:47 put out all the episodes, leave you in charge

00:23:50 of the pace at which you would view them,

00:23:53 which I thought was great.

00:23:56 That was a gutsy move.

00:23:57 Yes, it was.

00:23:58 And I can’t tell you around Hollywood,

00:24:00 anybody that says that everybody thought it was a great idea

00:24:03 is not being truthful because everybody I talked to

00:24:06 said this is, they’re idiots, right?

00:24:10 What do they know about movie making and TV?

00:24:13 And what I saw happening was if you look

00:24:18 at what Netflix pulled off and they realized

00:24:21 that there isn’t really a moat around the studios,

00:24:24 you really could make stuff and really good stuff.

00:24:29 And so they started to create their own content

00:24:32 that pulled in Amazon, which pulled in Google

00:24:37 through YouTube and then you had Hulu,

00:24:40 then you had Disney deciding

00:24:43 that they’re gonna have Disney Plus.

00:24:44 And the next thing you know, you have some

00:24:47 of the biggest companies with the largest balance sheets

00:24:50 on the planet being in the creative business.

00:24:55 If you’re an independent, that’s bringing a knife

00:24:58 to a gunfight to be sure.

00:25:00 And so I thought that was interesting.

00:25:03 The other thing that it used to be that movies

00:25:06 were where the big things happened

00:25:08 and television was sort of,

00:25:10 it was small screen, different experience.

00:25:13 And you had something like Game of Thrones come out,

00:25:15 which was not only on the same epic level visually

00:25:19 and storytelling wise, but had the budget

00:25:22 to be able to do it.

00:25:24 And now I think you’re seeing all kinds

00:25:31 of different storytelling taking place.

00:25:35 And I also like that you’re not pigeonholed into a time.

00:25:40 You got two hours to tell the story.

00:25:42 You can do a three part mini series,

00:25:44 a five part mini series.

00:25:45 You can do television that’s all kinds of different format.

00:25:49 That I think allows creators

00:25:53 to do a lot more interesting things.

00:25:57 It is also interesting to consider the role

00:25:59 of companies that enable that,

00:26:01 like the capital that enables that.

00:26:04 Without Netflix and HBO, you wouldn’t have

00:26:09 some of these epic shows.

00:26:11 And so if we’re thinking about the virtual reality world

00:26:14 that you’re talking about,

00:26:16 it’s interesting to consider who will enable that.

00:26:19 Now, like you said, Facebook is talking about meta

00:26:22 and metaverse, but it’s unclear

00:26:25 that just having money is enough.

00:26:28 Netflix did a lot of really revolutionary stuff.

00:26:33 Amazon has money.

00:26:34 There’s a lot of companies that have money

00:26:35 that don’t quite do as good of a job yet

00:26:38 at enabling creators of creating revolutionary new content.

00:26:44 That changes the whole industry.

00:26:46 And that’s probably going to be the case

00:26:48 with virtual reality.

00:26:49 There is a lot of money needed to enable experiences,

00:26:54 like in terms of compute infrastructure.

00:26:57 There needs to be a huge amount of money there,

00:26:59 but you also need to somehow give freedom to creators

00:27:02 to have fun, to do their best work,

00:27:05 and at the same time provide the perfect amount

00:27:11 of constraints, all of that together.

00:27:13 However Netflix makes it happen,

00:27:15 they do a pretty good job

00:27:16 because it’s a very constrained platform,

00:27:18 but yet all the creators I’ve ever talked to,

00:27:21 comedians and so on, that work with Netflix,

00:27:24 are really happy because they feel free

00:27:26 to create their work.

00:27:27 Yeah, and I think a lot of times companies are a letterhead,

00:27:32 but it boils down to the people.

00:27:34 And I think I’ve known Ted Sarandos a long time

00:27:38 who ran the studio at Netflix

00:27:40 and now took over for Reed running the company.

00:27:44 But Ted, very smart, talented guy,

00:27:47 and understood early how to cultivate talent

00:27:50 and relationships with talent, which is important.

00:27:53 When you’re dealing with creative people,

00:27:56 their motivations and their goals

00:27:58 are not always the same, right?

00:28:00 They’re not always capitalistic, right?

00:28:02 And so in terms of being able to communicate

00:28:05 with creative people that are not always A to B to C

00:28:10 is a talent.

00:28:11 And so I think they did a great job.

00:28:14 Ted did a great job with that early.

00:28:18 But I think that you’re gonna see different formats.

00:28:21 I don’t think, I mean, going to a theater

00:28:26 to see a massive movie on that screen in that format

00:28:30 is a fundamentally different experience.

00:28:33 And I think you’re gonna find movies,

00:28:36 my old shop, Legendary, just put out Dune,

00:28:38 which I thought was phenomenal.

00:28:43 When we secured the rights to Dune years ago,

00:28:48 I was over the moon because I love the book.

00:28:51 I love the entire world that is Dune.

00:28:57 And that’s a movie that I think you see on the big screen.

00:28:59 I think when Avatar 2 comes out,

00:29:03 I wanna see that on a big screen.

00:29:06 But I think you’re gonna see a ton of content

00:29:09 is obviously being produced,

00:29:11 and it’s not all gonna go to a theater going experience.

00:29:14 So you’re gonna see, I think, different versions of this

00:29:17 over the next five to 10 years.

00:29:19 In case James Cameron is listening to this,

00:29:22 so he officially agreed to talk at the time of,

00:29:25 on this podcast, at the time of Avatar 2 release.

00:29:27 I’m just holding you to that in this recorded conversation.

00:29:31 Also just super excited, both the movie and the director.

00:29:38 There’s something special about movies.

00:29:41 They win Oscars, they’re historic in nature.

00:29:46 There’s something about TV shows,

00:29:48 even when they’re epic like Game of Thrones,

00:29:50 that they’re forgotten much quicker in history.

00:29:54 I don’t know, maybe that’s because we haven’t had

00:29:56 enough of them, but the De Niro performances,

00:30:00 and the Scorsese films, all the great films

00:30:04 that we think of throughout the generations

00:30:07 that define generations are films.

00:30:10 Is that just old school thinking?

00:30:12 Is that always going to be the case?

00:30:14 I mean, look, to me, going in a darkened theater

00:30:20 with a bunch of strangers, and the lights go down,

00:30:23 and you go on this journey, there is something special

00:30:28 and magical about that.

00:30:29 And I think movies have been a part

00:30:33 of our cultural fabric forever.

00:30:36 And for some reason, Hollywood in America

00:30:40 was uniquely positioned to do a great job with it.

00:30:46 Not that there aren’t great foreign movies,

00:30:48 but far and away, American movies dominate,

00:30:53 not only the world market, but you know,

00:30:55 and so whatever it is that we do well,

00:30:58 or Hollywood does well, there’s something

00:31:02 in the water, apparently.

00:31:03 But I agree that I love movies,

00:31:07 and I will for the rest of my days.

00:31:10 It’s interesting how creators can move

00:31:13 back and forth now as well.

00:31:15 That used to be a complete no no.

00:31:17 You’re either a movie guy, or you’re a person,

00:31:20 or you’re a TV director, and that’s that.

00:31:24 But those lines have completely blurred.

00:31:27 And they’re also blurring, I mean,

00:31:29 they’re blurring all kinds of lines.

00:31:31 Like they’re moving to TikTok and Instagram,

00:31:35 and I know right now it seems ridiculous

00:31:38 to consider that these one minute things

00:31:43 could be considered even in the same realm creatively

00:31:47 as a film, but maybe that changes over time too.

00:31:50 Maybe experiences can completely become fluid

00:31:53 in terms of their size, as long as they have

00:31:56 some deep lasting impact on you as a human being,

00:32:01 as a consumer.

00:32:02 Look, to me, the whole thing is about

00:32:06 either the moving image, or even sometimes a picture

00:32:09 will bring out an emotion, a reaction, something.

00:32:13 So short form is harder, because you have less time

00:32:18 to set things up and all that.

00:32:19 But I’m sure there will be short videos

00:32:22 and creators that come up with things,

00:32:24 and if a moving image can get a reaction out of you,

00:32:29 and make you feel a certain way,

00:32:31 and stay with you, or inspire you,

00:32:33 well, that to me is just the next evolution

00:32:36 of whatever it’s gonna be between humans

00:32:39 and cameras, et cetera.

00:32:41 See, I think that’s why we’ve talked offline about this.

00:32:44 That’s why I love robots, is I think there’s certain things

00:32:47 in the short form with robots that immediately

00:32:51 can bring out a feeling in people.

00:32:54 There’s something about our consideration

00:32:57 of our own intelligence, of our own consciousness,

00:33:01 of all the fears and hopes, and the beautiful things

00:33:04 about human nature, the dark things about human nature

00:33:07 that somehow, especially Lego robots bring out.

00:33:11 Because we have both a fear and excitement towards that.

00:33:15 Are these going to be our overlords,

00:33:17 our gods that overtake humanity?

00:33:20 Are these going to be things like horses

00:33:24 or something like that, something that empower humanity?

00:33:27 Like you don’t know what to make sense of it.

00:33:28 That’s why they’re super exciting.

00:33:30 I agree.

00:33:31 Speaking of robots and film, you’ve gone

00:33:35 into traditional industries and disrupted them

00:33:38 quite a few times.

00:33:40 Was there, is there a system for deciding

00:33:43 which industry is right for disruption?

00:33:45 When you look at the world and see

00:33:49 what are the big problems you would like to solve,

00:33:53 do you have a system of how you see which problems to solve?

00:33:56 How do you look at the world?

00:33:58 Yeah, well, on the business side of that,

00:34:02 so I have a holding company called Tolko,

00:34:04 I know, very imaginatively named.

00:34:07 Part of that is literally every name ever is now taken,

00:34:11 registered and all that stuff.

00:34:14 So we’re a holding company.

00:34:16 What’s a holding company?

00:34:18 So instead of being a fund that has money flowing

00:34:21 in and out of it, and there’s what’s called a vintage year,

00:34:24 I raise capital and I agree to invest that capital

00:34:28 for so long, and then I give it back to you,

00:34:30 which sometimes creates artificial time pressures

00:34:33 and things like that.

00:34:34 A holding company is more permanent capital.

00:34:38 So the idea was, behind Tolko,

00:34:41 was to buy almost always whole companies

00:34:44 or majority stakes with great management teams

00:34:47 in spaces that did not traditionally

00:34:50 have a lot of innovation.

00:34:53 And to have our labs group, who were data scientists,

00:34:57 AI practitioners, engineers, machine learning, et cetera,

00:35:02 and to be able to bring that wherewithal to that company.

00:35:07 So to provide them with the right capital

00:35:10 and to provide them with access to technology,

00:35:13 that would be hard to individually recruit for that company.

00:35:17 So I would say that the thesis was to look

00:35:22 for industries that were large enough,

00:35:24 that hadn’t traditionally had access

00:35:27 to that type of technology or innovation,

00:35:30 and to try to look for companies that not only

00:35:35 looked that part, but had management teams

00:35:38 that embraced this and wanted to take that kind of journey.

00:35:41 Yeah, there is quite a few industries like that,

00:35:44 but that finding the industries and the management pair,

00:35:52 because those industries often have

00:35:54 a lot of old school folks who don’t,

00:35:57 it takes quite a bit of work for them

00:35:59 to leap into technology.

00:36:00 I work quite a bit with the autonomous vehicles

00:36:03 and just the automotive industry.

00:36:06 Depending on the company, there’s old school folks.

00:36:08 It’s like Detroit thinking versus like,

00:36:11 what do you call it, I don’t know, California thinking.

00:36:15 Well, I think you have to look at the nexus

00:36:18 of two things there.

00:36:19 One is just plain old human behavior.

00:36:22 If I am uncomfortable and this isn’t a comfort zone for me

00:36:27 and it’s not something I have as a field of expertise,

00:36:31 I’m gonna shy away from that.

00:36:33 Especially if I’m successful and I feel good about myself

00:36:36 and it’s a big successful company or person

00:36:38 or whatever it might be.

00:36:41 And the second thing is that especially

00:36:44 if you’re a public company and you’re being weighed

00:36:46 and measured every quarter, you are rewarding

00:36:49 the managers of that company to hit metrics

00:36:53 and to be reliable and to say, hey,

00:36:55 I’m counting quarter to quarter

00:36:57 that you’re gonna deliver what you say.

00:37:00 It’s difficult to say, you know what, everybody,

00:37:03 for the next two years, I wouldn’t count

00:37:05 on our financial projections at all

00:37:08 because we’re gonna reinvent what we’re doing.

00:37:10 It’s gonna work in the long run and you’re gonna see

00:37:14 that this was a really smart investment

00:37:15 five to seven years from now.

00:37:18 That’s not the way capitalism is currently wired,

00:37:22 generally, right?

00:37:24 And a lot of, so again, if you reward managers

00:37:28 with yearly bonuses and stock options

00:37:30 based and tied to stock price and all these other things,

00:37:35 you know, and then ask them to go break stuff,

00:37:39 that’s hard, I think.

00:37:41 So you’re saying like, so the talker approach

00:37:46 to this, the private investment is the best way

00:37:50 or perhaps the only way to enable this kind

00:37:53 of long term innovation, investment,

00:37:55 taking big risks, investing in innovation.

00:37:57 Well, look, we certainly are not, by any means,

00:38:01 the only one doing it.

00:38:02 I’m just saying that when you think about big companies,

00:38:06 more successful, you know, that are in old line businesses,

00:38:10 and I hear people sort of talk about,

00:38:13 well, why can’t they just pivot?

00:38:15 They recognize they need to be in the technology business

00:38:19 because it’s hard, it’s hard to steer a ship and turn it

00:38:23 that big, and especially if it’s not part

00:38:25 of your DNA at that company.

00:38:28 So, you know, I just think that what we tried to do

00:38:33 is to enable management teams that know

00:38:38 where they wanna go and to be patient with capital

00:38:43 and also, again, bring innovation to bear

00:38:48 that they have access to.

00:38:50 There’s plenty of capital structures

00:38:52 doing interesting things.

00:38:54 That’s one of the things I love about our country.

00:38:57 This country innovates and this country invents things,

00:39:01 and I’m constantly in awe of just the, you know,

00:39:08 the human ability to innovate and to iterate.

00:39:14 You know, I get to hang around some universities,

00:39:18 including your old shop, MIT, and it’s like.

00:39:20 I’m still there.

00:39:21 Yeah, you’re still there.

00:39:22 Still there, still teaching there.

00:39:23 Still teaching, but that place is like Hogwarts.

00:39:26 I mean, it’s just, it’s inspiring, right?

00:39:30 And certainly the energy in Silicon Valley,

00:39:34 which now Austin, Texas, where we’re sitting,

00:39:37 has its own incredible ecosystem.

00:39:40 So that’s one of the things I love about America

00:39:45 is the ability, and that really is, I think,

00:39:49 in the American DNA, to create things and invent things,

00:39:53 and I just, I think that’s invigorating.

00:39:55 And I think that’s even bigger than capitalism,

00:39:58 sort of the machine of how capitalism works.

00:40:01 That’s just human nature.

00:40:02 Capitalism is just one of the ways

00:40:04 to sort of make that human nature shine, I suppose,

00:40:10 but it’s like, you mentioned MIT.

00:40:12 There’s a drive there to invent, to innovate,

00:40:20 that’s so purely human, that human spirit

00:40:25 to sort of build something new.

00:40:28 It’s like that hopeful, optimistic spirit,

00:40:30 especially in the engineering space.

00:40:32 Like if you pay attention to the internet,

00:40:33 like Twitter and all that kind of stuff,

00:40:36 intellectuals and so on, there’s a cynicism

00:40:39 to when we talk about stuff,

00:40:43 but there’s an optimism to when we do stuff.

00:40:46 And the doing part, when you actually build things,

00:40:49 especially, like you care a lot about manufacturing too,

00:40:52 like you actually build physical products,

00:40:55 that’s where we truly shine.

00:40:59 Yeah, no question about it.

00:41:01 And I’m passionate about our country making stuff again,

00:41:06 doing our own manufacturing and making sure

00:41:11 that we don’t lose the ability,

00:41:14 not just to create things intellectually

00:41:17 and do the world’s greatest blueprints,

00:41:19 but actually make things here.

00:41:22 Actual factories.

00:41:23 Yeah, that’s exactly right.

00:41:24 How do we do that?

00:41:26 How do we bring more manufacturing to the United States?

00:41:30 Well, there’s a company that I have a big personal investment

00:41:34 in called Rebuild with some folks

00:41:39 that all went through the MIT school years ago.

00:41:45 There’s a good friend of mine named Jeff Wilkie

00:41:47 who used to be at Amazon.

00:41:49 And we all felt the same way that America needed

00:41:54 to make sure that it didn’t lose its edge in that way.

00:41:56 So it’s a company that invests

00:42:00 in American high tech manufacturing.

00:42:03 And I think the way that we do that is provide capital,

00:42:07 provide training.

00:42:09 To me, this is also fertile ground for good,

00:42:12 sustainable, high paying jobs.

00:42:16 And we have to make it economically feasible to do that,

00:42:21 again, here in this country.

00:42:24 And not to say to companies that, again,

00:42:26 are being weighed and measured quarter by quarter.

00:42:28 Hey, this is three times as expensive to do it here,

00:42:31 but you should do it here.

00:42:33 We need to innovate and we need to create processes

00:42:36 and companies and opportunity that balance that equation.

00:42:42 And I think as we saw during the pandemic,

00:42:45 I don’t think in this day and age you can be an isolationist.

00:42:48 That doesn’t make any sense to me.

00:42:51 But being self reliant and self determinant

00:42:54 and making sure that you are never in a position as a nation

00:43:00 that we can’t do basic things

00:43:01 because we’re relying on supply chain in other countries.

00:43:05 And whether it’s we’re not friends anymore,

00:43:09 or a natural disaster or a virus or something pops up,

00:43:13 I think those are costs of doing business

00:43:17 that we have to put into the calculus

00:43:20 of being able to make things here.

00:43:22 There’s an extremely high cost to making supply chain

00:43:25 resilient that we really have to consider.

00:43:27 And so if you really consider that cost,

00:43:31 it makes a lot of sense to invest especially long term

00:43:34 in building up manufacturing in a way

00:43:37 where like you’re making most of the stuff in one place.

00:43:40 Sort of bringing it all, not all,

00:43:44 but as much in as possible.

00:43:47 And building it almost like from scratch

00:43:49 here in the United States.

00:43:50 I mean, what I guess your thought is with innovation,

00:43:57 it’s possible to sort of revolutionize

00:43:59 the way we do manufacturing.

00:44:00 So reduce the amount of supply chain stuff

00:44:03 and like build stuff from scratch.

00:44:05 Like do high tech manufacturing.

00:44:08 So like optimize all aspects of the manufacturing

00:44:11 and all that kind of stuff.

00:44:13 Yeah, and I think where technology is the most efficient

00:44:19 is the human machine interface, right?

00:44:23 It’s not let’s automate everything

00:44:25 and have nobody work anywhere.

00:44:27 I, for a long time, that’s neither feasible nor desirable.

00:44:32 But where we can enhance jobs

00:44:37 and make that interface immensely productive

00:44:42 with the right training and so forth,

00:44:43 I think that’s a worthwhile endeavor

00:44:46 and something that’s gonna be important to our country.

00:44:49 Yeah, I mean, you know who you’re talking to.

00:44:53 I love human robot interaction, human machine interaction,

00:44:55 human AI interaction.

00:44:57 So what do you think is the role of robotics

00:44:59 in this high tech manufacturing?

00:45:02 Sort of like industrial robots, robotic arms,

00:45:04 all that kind of stuff.

00:45:06 Or even more complicated kind of robots.

00:45:09 What do you think is the role of robotics?

00:45:11 What do you think is the role of AI

00:45:13 in this manufacturing future you’re thinking about?

00:45:16 Well, robotics to me is an extremely exciting field.

00:45:20 I don’t have the same expertise that you do.

00:45:23 I have an adjacency, but not the depth of knowledge.

00:45:27 Have never really delved deeply into it

00:45:29 or made investments in it.

00:45:30 But I think what’s exciting about it

00:45:32 is everything from doing jobs

00:45:34 that are very dangerous for humans,

00:45:38 enhancing the human experience.

00:45:41 When you look at really repetitive labor,

00:45:44 things that, you know, it might take away a job,

00:45:49 but is it a good job for that person?

00:45:51 Is, you know, spending 30 years

00:45:53 doing something highly repetitious,

00:45:55 is that a good experience in life?

00:45:58 So I think, and then when you think about everything

00:46:02 from military applications, you know, rescue,

00:46:06 we’re already seeing a bunch of those things.

00:46:08 And then just lastly,

00:46:11 when you talk about that human interaction with robots,

00:46:15 when you start to have the combination,

00:46:17 so you have some level of intelligence and interaction,

00:46:22 I mean, that’s why we always love the droids

00:46:25 in Star Wars, right?

00:46:26 I mean, it’s exciting, it captures the imagination.

00:46:33 And I think, look, many, many hours have been spent

00:46:39 on debating artificial intelligence

00:46:42 and the ramifications, if things go sideways and so forth.

00:46:48 And I think those are all, you know,

00:46:50 those are appropriate conversations to be having.

00:46:54 AI is happening.

00:46:55 I think it’s actually happening slower

00:46:57 than most people realize,

00:47:01 because there are tasks that humans do

00:47:04 every minute of every day,

00:47:06 standing up without losing your sense of balance.

00:47:09 I mean, these are really hard things,

00:47:12 but I think there’s enough investment,

00:47:16 both in private industry as well as nation states now

00:47:19 on artificial intelligence that it is coming.

00:47:23 So both in the software space, in the digital space

00:47:27 and in the physical space.

00:47:29 So we talk about manufacturing,

00:47:30 so industrial robotics is very true

00:47:33 that even in the factory, even the tasks that you think

00:47:36 are pretty basic, you know,

00:47:40 the amount of small intuitive decisions that humans make

00:47:45 is quite incredible.

00:47:46 So we have to be kind of explicit about saying

00:47:49 which tasks are actually really hard

00:47:52 and humans are just really good at them.

00:47:54 And so on the flip side in the digital space

00:47:59 with social networks, we recommend our systems

00:48:01 with all kinds of like personal assistance

00:48:04 in terms of voice based AI systems, all of that.

00:48:10 There’s opportunities there to find niches

00:48:13 where AI can really have a transformative effect.

00:48:17 I think one of the places that really haven’t,

00:48:25 this is where like you’re worried to say stupid things,

00:48:27 but I believe this very much that when we have AI systems

00:48:32 in the home currently, you have somebody like Alexa

00:48:34 and Google Home and so on,

00:48:36 they’re kind of very basic servants.

00:48:40 They tell you about the weather, they can play some music,

00:48:43 they can turn the lights on and off,

00:48:45 all the kind of like smart home stuff.

00:48:47 I think there’s a lot of value in systems

00:48:51 that form relationships with us

00:48:55 in the way that pets do, dogs and cats.

00:48:58 I don’t know, just for people who have cats,

00:49:01 cats don’t care about you.

00:49:02 They really don’t, they don’t form any kind of relationship.

00:49:05 I don’t know why you have relationship with them.

00:49:07 It’s one way.

00:49:08 Anyway, sorry, I threw out some shade.

00:49:11 I’m just kidding by the way.

00:49:13 That’s a basic kind of connection you have

00:49:14 with another living being.

00:49:16 Then there’s also just friends.

00:49:18 You have different levels of friends,

00:49:20 acquaintances, you have lifelong friends, all that.

00:49:22 That friendship you have, I really believe

00:49:26 that there is some aspect of the human experience

00:49:29 that is deeply enriched by interacting with other beings.

00:49:35 And for systems, computing systems,

00:49:40 artificial intelligence systems in our world,

00:49:44 to have the capability to engage in some of that,

00:49:46 I think is not just an opportunity

00:49:49 to help people grow, become better people,

00:49:53 but it’s also just a good business opportunity too.

00:49:56 And that hasn’t really been explored enough.

00:49:58 So that to me is really, that’s a whole exciting space

00:50:02 that I think will enable better industrial robotics.

00:50:08 It will empower a better Facebook

00:50:11 or a better social network, a competitor to Facebook

00:50:14 that overthrows Facebook.

00:50:15 So it’ll create better technologies

00:50:19 that currently don’t have that human robot interaction touch.

00:50:24 So I don’t know, that’s super exciting to me,

00:50:27 but that has to deal with the mess of human nature.

00:50:34 The reason that most robotics people

00:50:36 and AI people stay away from humans,

00:50:40 they stay away from the human robot interaction problem,

00:50:43 is because humans are complicated.

00:50:46 They’re messy, they’re hard to control,

00:50:49 they’re hard to predict stuff about,

00:50:54 they’re hard to make sense of or like test repeatedly

00:50:58 because one human can be drastically different

00:51:01 from another human.

00:51:02 And so to deal with that as a robotics problem

00:51:05 is super hard.

00:51:07 And so one of the questions is which problems

00:51:11 can you remove the human from consideration

00:51:14 when you’re trying to solve the problem?

00:51:15 So like Elon Musk is an example of somebody

00:51:17 who believes autonomous driving,

00:51:20 we can remove the human from consideration,

00:51:23 we can solve autonomous driving as a robotics problem.

00:51:26 It’s stay in the lane.

00:51:28 When there’s a red light, you stop at a red light.

00:51:31 If there is humans in the picture like pedestrians,

00:51:34 that’s a ballistics problem.

00:51:36 It’s just treat them as a moving object

00:51:39 that has with like 90% probability

00:51:42 keeps moving in the way they were in the past few seconds

00:51:45 with some smaller probability that might stop or turn.

00:51:49 Just do some basic models about them

00:51:51 and you’ll be able to do just fine.

00:51:53 So I tend to believe that even driving

00:51:58 has to consider the full messiness of humans.

00:52:01 The dance, the game theoretic dance of chicken

00:52:03 that we all do when we jaywalk,

00:52:07 we look at the car, that car doesn’t,

00:52:10 that driver doesn’t have the guts to murder me

00:52:12 so I’m going to walk in front of it and not look at the car.

00:52:14 We do that kind of dance and AI systems

00:52:17 need to be able to play, do that kind of dance.

00:52:24 In Tolko, there’s the labs.

00:52:28 So there’s a data science component, there’s an AI component.

00:52:32 So how do they go into a company

00:52:35 and help revolutionize that industry?

00:52:38 Well, there’s different examples.

00:52:39 So one of our companies, Figs, makes healthcare workwear,

00:52:44 started by these two brilliant women

00:52:47 and early days helping to build the platform and recruit

00:52:54 and make sure that everything that we did

00:52:59 at the company embraced technology

00:53:03 and at the same time, they were obsessive

00:53:05 about their customer, which is doctors, nurses,

00:53:09 healthcare workers who are putting it on the line every day

00:53:12 and obsessive about their product.

00:53:13 And when you have those two things come together,

00:53:17 you get the result that we did at Figs.

00:53:24 We have a company called Acashure,

00:53:26 which it’s AI lab and base is down here in Austin, Texas.

00:53:31 It was an insurance,

00:53:33 one of the largest insurance brokers in the world.

00:53:36 And we did a deal with them

00:53:40 and sold some of our insurance holdings

00:53:44 that was completely AI driven.

00:53:47 And in that case, you basically put the team

00:53:50 inside the company, right?

00:53:52 Because it’s a massive company

00:53:56 and we’ve gone into all kinds of things.

00:53:59 So it just depends on the different situations.

00:54:03 But the biggest thing was just to make sure

00:54:06 whatever the company needed,

00:54:08 they had access to the talent.

00:54:11 Sometimes we’d build it, sometimes we’d help recruit for it.

00:54:15 You know how in technology, it’s whatever works, right?

00:54:18 There’s no one way to do things.

00:54:22 Well, Acashure is really interesting as an example.

00:54:25 So insurance is a fascinating space.

00:54:27 It seems like very ripe still

00:54:30 for disruption across the board.

00:54:32 So how do you, it seems like a lot of the disruption

00:54:35 has to do with almost the first dump step

00:54:42 of we’ve been using mostly paper.

00:54:46 It’s not digitized.

00:54:47 You have to basically create a infrastructure

00:54:51 and a framework where everybody is using

00:54:53 the same digital system, like databases

00:54:56 and just organize the data.

00:54:59 It seems like that’s a huge leap

00:55:01 that basically can revolutionize major industries

00:55:03 that still hasn’t been done.

00:55:05 Insurance is obviously the great example of that.

00:55:08 And one of the things that struck me,

00:55:10 the founder CEO of Acashure is a guy named Greg Williams.

00:55:14 They’re out of Grand Rapids, Michigan.

00:55:16 And as we were looking at expanding our footprint

00:55:18 in insurance, I met with a lot of insurance executives.

00:55:22 And they would talk about technology,

00:55:24 but Greg truly understood the power

00:55:28 of what would happen across actuarial sciences,

00:55:32 predictive analytics and using machine learning

00:55:37 to really run every aspect of your business.

00:55:39 And then automating a lot of the,

00:55:42 just the back office tedious steps.

00:55:45 And as you said, one of the things that was great for us,

00:55:48 they already had a data collection system and department.

00:55:54 So it was much easier to pivot.

00:55:58 And I’m very excited about the future of that company.

00:56:01 It’s, they’re doing some pretty innovative,

00:56:06 groundbreaking things.

00:56:07 And those are the things that I like doing, right?

00:56:11 Is that, yes, I wanna make money.

00:56:15 Just, that’s what that is.

00:56:17 But at the same time,

00:56:19 what did you do with your time on earth, right?

00:56:21 Did you do anything to leave any kind of mark

00:56:24 that you did anything interesting?

00:56:27 I can only speak for myself.

00:56:29 There are many more ways to measure one’s life.

00:56:33 And I can only speak about how I think about things.

00:56:37 I grew up poor in upstate New York with a single mom

00:56:41 and watched her work a couple of jobs

00:56:43 and had to, from a young age, shovel snow and mow lawns

00:56:49 and do all kinds of things to help her

00:56:52 make sure the lights weren’t turned off in our little place.

00:56:55 And so that’s just something

00:56:57 that I’ve always been driven towards.

00:57:00 And I just, I have really eclectic tastes and interests.

00:57:07 And it’s just been an interesting journey.

00:57:11 So help be part of and help enable

00:57:14 some cool new creations across the board,

00:57:19 like film, music, AI, manufacturing,

00:57:24 just insurance, all the specific industries

00:57:31 that you disrupted, yeah.

00:57:33 Small tangent, back to your childhood with your mom.

00:57:39 Any memories kind of stand out,

00:57:42 stick with you as something

00:57:46 that helped define who you are as a man?

00:57:49 Yeah, even though the university and college experience

00:57:53 was not part of the family tree,

00:57:58 and we had no connections, I didn’t understand,

00:58:01 I didn’t know what a trust fund was or prep school,

00:58:03 I didn’t know what any of that was.

00:58:07 But my mom from a young age would always say,

00:58:10 you know, you’re gonna go to college.

00:58:12 There’s no, you know, if you choose to,

00:58:15 and I think from a young age,

00:58:17 that was just an expectation that I had

00:58:21 and that she instilled and the work ethic.

00:58:23 I watched her.

00:58:24 And then my grandmother was a janitor,

00:58:28 a cleaning lady in a hospital for 50 years.

00:58:31 And then I remember there were times of, you know,

00:58:36 I’m probably 10 years old, it’s freezing cold out.

00:58:39 And if I don’t go out and shovel six driveways,

00:58:42 we don’t have enough money to pay the bill.

00:58:45 So I don’t know, I’m not a psychologist,

00:58:48 so I don’t know how that manifests itself in my life today.

00:58:52 But I think the grit to say,

00:58:57 I’m not in the mood to do this, I don’t wanna do this,

00:59:01 but that’s the work that needs to be done.

00:59:04 And no excuses, not I’m a victim

00:59:08 and I’m gonna sit around and talk about,

00:59:10 no, it is what it is,

00:59:12 and you have to get done what you need to get done.

00:59:15 And again, I think it’s,

00:59:19 you can never fully put yourself in someone else’s shoes

00:59:22 or experience, so I don’t know what that is or feels like.

00:59:25 But for me, those were two, I think,

00:59:28 formative things that were important in my childhood.

00:59:33 So that’s pretty, the reality of life like that

00:59:37 is pretty humbling.

00:59:38 You still, you’ve been so exceptionally successful

00:59:41 that it’s easy to get soft now.

00:59:45 How do you get humbled these days?

00:59:49 By getting up.

00:59:50 You know, I think for me personally,

00:59:55 trying to push the envelope

00:59:57 and being weighed and measured, right?

00:59:59 That’s why I always loved sports too.

01:00:00 There’s a scoreboard.

01:00:02 And I’m a huge believer in opportunity, meritocracy,

01:00:07 all those things that I think are ideals

01:00:11 that we wanna aspire to.

01:00:14 And I think that there’s a lot of things

01:00:18 I’m involved with right now that I just wanna see

01:00:21 if I can do it.

01:00:22 I wanna see if, and you know,

01:00:26 my own little mantra is cause the outcome, right?

01:00:29 As much as you can, and at the same time,

01:00:32 have the humility and not to have the hubris or arrogance

01:00:36 to say I’m always gonna cause the outcome.

01:00:38 Because you’ll get your ass kicked pretty quickly

01:00:41 and humbled.

01:00:43 The world and the universe is a big place

01:00:45 with forces beyond, but I think,

01:00:52 I also think a lot about being intellectually honest,

01:00:56 which when I do university talks and so forth,

01:00:59 I think that’s a superpower.

01:01:02 Because if you find yourself making decisions

01:01:06 based on other people’s expectations,

01:01:10 based on places you don’t wanna go,

01:01:13 but you feel like momentum is taking you there,

01:01:20 I think that’s a big problem.

01:01:22 And there are people that go to our top universities

01:01:26 and can’t wait to get out and start their own company

01:01:30 and they want that pressure and they want to grind.

01:01:35 And there are other people that are smart and talented,

01:01:38 but just say, look, I don’t wanna lay awake

01:01:41 staring at the ceiling wondering

01:01:42 how I’m gonna make payroll.

01:01:43 I don’t want that in my life.

01:01:45 And I think if you can square that up

01:01:48 and be okay with it and say, what makes me tick?

01:01:51 What makes me happy?

01:01:52 What puts me in a bad head space?

01:01:54 Because there’s a difference between challenging yourself

01:01:57 and going against your nature.

01:02:00 So that’s why I think that being intellectually honest

01:02:03 and being able to really sit down

01:02:05 and go inside your own head and say,

01:02:08 what am I good at?

01:02:08 What am I not good at?

01:02:10 How am I gonna put myself in a position

01:02:12 to be successful?

01:02:13 Because I’m working on my weaknesses,

01:02:17 but I’m not gonna put myself career wise in a position

01:02:21 where I’m just fundamentally gonna have a hard time

01:02:24 being successful.

01:02:28 Yeah, intellectually honest is a tricky one.

01:02:30 And it gets, there’s like levels to it too.

01:02:34 Sure.

01:02:35 Because some of the things I think about

01:02:40 when you dream of doing certain kinds of big things,

01:02:49 a part of intellectual honesty is to say several things.

01:02:53 One is like, hey, the thing you’re dreaming about,

01:02:59 like one, the fact that nobody’s done it

01:03:02 probably shows that you’re just a dreamer.

01:03:07 This is not going to, like think clearly.

01:03:13 The fact that it hasn’t been done

01:03:14 probably shows that it may not be the right path.

01:03:17 And two is like, if you’re dreaming about stuff,

01:03:21 there’s a certain point where it’s like,

01:03:23 hey, you haven’t done it.

01:03:25 Like, why haven’t you done it already then?

01:03:27 Like you have to be honest with yourself.

01:03:29 Like you have to be ambitious.

01:03:30 Like a lot of people work hard a long time for a dream,

01:03:35 but you have to wake up and be like, all right,

01:03:38 I’ve been at this for 10 years.

01:03:41 Like with a startup, you launch a startup

01:03:43 and you think, okay, one year, two years,

01:03:46 three years, four years, pretty successful,

01:03:49 but it hasn’t exploded like you dreamed

01:03:50 and you have to shut it down.

01:03:54 You have to be intellectually honest there.

01:03:56 At the same time, you might want to be,

01:04:01 like step it up, lean into it.

01:04:03 Say almost like the flip side of like intellectual honesty

01:04:10 is like maddening ambition of just saying, fuck it,

01:04:14 I’m going to go all in.

01:04:16 But that is a kind of intellectual honesty saying like,

01:04:19 you know, the big problem here is I’ve been kind of going,

01:04:23 doing too many things.

01:04:26 Maybe with this dream, you have to go all in on it.

01:04:29 All those kinds of things.

01:04:30 I mean, this is human experience, it’s complicated.

01:04:34 Yes, all human things are complicated.

01:04:37 And I think there’s a difference between being reckless

01:04:41 and making well thought out informed decisions.

01:04:44 If you’re going to go all in,

01:04:46 make sure you’ve measured twice, cut once, as they say.

01:04:50 And one of my other favorite, I forget,

01:04:54 many years ago, I heard this saying and it stayed with me.

01:04:57 It was never mistake, clear line of sight

01:05:00 with distance and you know that.

01:05:03 So I think that the key, whether you’re starting a business

01:05:10 or you’re thinking about leaving the company you’re at

01:05:12 and starting a business or just leaving for another job,

01:05:15 any of these things is as much as you can, right?

01:05:19 And psychologists, I think would tell us,

01:05:21 it’s hard to be self aware completely, right?

01:05:24 That’s the rub that if we were all completely self aware

01:05:27 of everything that we did and strengthen weaknesses,

01:05:30 it’d be a different world.

01:05:32 But I do think you can work on that

01:05:35 and at least challenge yourself to think about it

01:05:39 and not be in a position where I’m going to medical school

01:05:43 because that’s what you do in my family

01:05:45 and even though I’m miserable doing it,

01:05:50 things like that.

01:05:51 So definitely you don’t want to be sort of,

01:05:54 because you don’t think fall victim to conformity.

01:05:59 Let’s just go on doing the same thing over and over.

01:06:02 That’s right.

01:06:03 But at the same time, is measure twice and cut once.

01:06:11 It does feel like some of the biggest leaps taken

01:06:17 are where you cut once and measure later.

01:06:22 Is you leap in first.

01:06:24 Sure.

01:06:25 It’s almost like a gut, I suppose that is a measurement,

01:06:28 but you build up a good gut instinct of what to do

01:06:32 and then you just do it and then you figure out,

01:06:35 it’s the building the airplane as you’re flying it.

01:06:37 Right.

01:06:39 Well, and I think each one of those instances

01:06:42 that you could probably cite

01:06:44 has its own unique circumstances, right?

01:06:47 I don’t have a deep biotech background,

01:06:50 so if I suddenly stood up and said,

01:06:51 I’m gonna put everything I have into this idea,

01:06:55 well, those are, it’s game theory, right?

01:06:59 What are the odds of success?

01:07:01 If on the other hand, you’re brilliant in your field

01:07:06 or you’ve seen some opportunity

01:07:08 that you think is wide open

01:07:12 and you’re gonna go for it and break stuff, that’s great.

01:07:16 You just wanna, to me, always say like,

01:07:20 how crazy is this on the spectrum of,

01:07:23 do I have any expertise?

01:07:25 What is the downside if I fail, right?

01:07:30 If you’re at a certain point in life with young children

01:07:34 and you’ve got a mortgage and whatever else,

01:07:37 that is one circumstance versus I just got out of Stanford

01:07:41 or I just got out of whatever and I’m gonna go for it.

01:07:44 It’s just the whole thing, right?

01:07:47 It is complex as you point out.

01:07:49 And sometimes you just wanna have the right matrix

01:07:52 in your head of decision making process

01:07:55 to try to arrive at the right place.

01:07:57 And even if you get close, that’s where I think you say,

01:08:00 you know what, the hell with it, I’m doing this.

01:08:03 Yeah, yeah.

01:08:06 I do wanna ask you about one specific idea

01:08:10 that sounds super fascinating

01:08:12 that you’re involved with recently.

01:08:13 You led the $50 million seed round

01:08:16 for a company called Colossal

01:08:18 that is focused on deextinction.

01:08:22 This is funny relative to our connection

01:08:25 and conversation about Jurassic World.

01:08:28 They’re seeking to restore lost ecosystems

01:08:30 and use gene editing to restore the woolly mammoth

01:08:34 to the Arctic tundra.

01:08:37 How are they gonna do that?

01:08:39 Well, I met this fascinating guy at Harvard

01:08:43 named George Church five, six years ago,

01:08:48 and found him to be incredibly smart, have an imagination.

01:08:56 And he partnered up with a guy named Ben Lamb,

01:08:59 who’s an entrepreneur.

01:09:02 And basically the press and to me the imaginative,

01:09:09 like you’re capturing my imagination by telling me

01:09:12 you’re gonna bring back the woolly mammoth

01:09:14 and other extinct animals.

01:09:15 And I, you know, we’ll see where that road leads.

01:09:18 I was more interested in an investor

01:09:22 in the things that they’re working through

01:09:25 around understanding genes and proteins

01:09:30 and CRISPR and all these other things

01:09:31 because being adjacent to George Church and his team

01:09:36 as these things unfold over the next decade,

01:09:39 I thought was the right thing to do.

01:09:42 So people are important here,

01:09:44 just like investing people and seeing

01:09:46 what the hell they come up with.

01:09:48 Absolutely, I mean, you can look through history

01:09:51 and great things are done by great people, right?

01:09:57 And companies, they end up over time becoming a logo

01:10:02 and immediately what you think of them,

01:10:04 but they started out with a person, with an idea

01:10:08 and a team that cultivated that and made that happen.

01:10:13 And I think there are certain folks

01:10:16 that are just immensely talented

01:10:18 that if you can be around them,

01:10:21 and I also know his and his team’s ethics

01:10:25 in terms of, you know, after spending time

01:10:28 talking about where the lines are,

01:10:32 people in other countries that, you know,

01:10:35 may not have the same process,

01:10:37 may not have the same checks and balances,

01:10:39 are doing this and pursuing this regardless.

01:10:42 So at least I felt like with George and Ben and their teams,

01:10:46 they’re also very responsible people.

01:10:49 This is where the human side of things comes into play.

01:10:53 I’ve interacted with a lot of really brilliant people

01:10:55 in the technology space where you kind of,

01:10:59 you know, there’s a lot of ways to feel this out.

01:11:01 You can ask them whether they kind of read literature.

01:11:03 You can feel out how much do they really understand

01:11:08 about like human nature here.

01:11:12 Like whatever the technology is,

01:11:14 when it actually starts to play,

01:11:17 interact with society at scale,

01:11:21 like do they have an understanding

01:11:23 or an intuition about how that happens?

01:11:26 Some of that requires studying history.

01:11:28 Some of that requires like just looking at

01:11:30 the worst and best parts and events in human history

01:11:35 to understand like, hey, it doesn’t always turn out

01:11:38 like everybody hoped the technology turns out.

01:11:43 If a person has a depth of understanding about history,

01:11:47 about human nature, then I think that’s the right person

01:11:52 to mess with some of this cutting edge stuff.

01:11:56 Now you want Marcus Aurelius with a PhD from MIT.

01:12:01 Exactly, exactly.

01:12:04 Just small tangent, but you mentioned having a conversation

01:12:08 with Warren Buffett, you spoke really highly of him

01:12:11 as an investor, as a human being.

01:12:15 What about him do you admire?

01:12:17 What from him, what insights have you drawn from him

01:12:21 as a great investor yourself?

01:12:23 Well, the afternoon that I got to spend with him,

01:12:26 which is something I’ll treasure forever.

01:12:28 Look, sometimes when you meet people,

01:12:31 even that are immensely successful,

01:12:34 you may decide that after 20 minutes or a half hour,

01:12:39 oh, you were in the right place at the right time

01:12:42 and that’s fine.

01:12:45 There are other people that are clearly different,

01:12:49 special, and I don’t care if you made them start from zero,

01:12:52 you know, would end up in a good place.

01:12:56 And so it was an absolute privilege

01:12:59 to spend the time with him.

01:13:03 You know, and a couple of things that stood out

01:13:06 in the conversation, he is incredibly intellectually curious

01:13:11 and well read, and I like how simplistic he likes

01:13:15 to keep his thought matrix.

01:13:17 And then also, instead of trying to outsmart the market,

01:13:23 it seems like a simple axiom, but just look,

01:13:26 good companies that are led by talented managers

01:13:31 that are good businesses over time are gonna get there.

01:13:35 So I’m not gonna day trade, I’m just gonna,

01:13:37 I’m looking for value.

01:13:40 And then just on life stuff, he just, you know,

01:13:44 and also his ability to take in

01:13:49 and then use information was incredibly impressive.

01:13:54 So I only spent the, you know, I’d met him before,

01:13:58 but I only spent one afternoon with him,

01:14:00 but it’s, you know, pretty incredible.

01:14:02 And one of the things that stuck out to me

01:14:05 is we were in the middle of talking about Tolko

01:14:08 or investing or how we thought about it.

01:14:10 And I said, you know, I’m trying to be smart about,

01:14:14 and he stopped me and he said, Charlie Munger,

01:14:16 his partner of many years, Charlie and I

01:14:18 don’t try to think of the smart thing to do.

01:14:21 We try to think what’s the dumb thing we could do here.

01:14:24 And I kind of laughed and he said, no, I’m dead serious.

01:14:28 We think about it from the standpoint of

01:14:31 what could we do in this situation that later

01:14:34 we’d be like, that was a really dumb thing to do.

01:14:37 And I actually thought that was, it got in my head.

01:14:41 And I still think a lot about that

01:14:43 as I’m dissecting problems.

01:14:46 So there is, like, that’s a kind of longterm thinking

01:14:51 if you just avoid the dumb things,

01:14:54 or if you simplify, just focus on those simple steps,

01:14:59 all it takes is just do that for a long period of time

01:15:02 and you’ll be successful.

01:15:04 Well, it certainly worked for him, that’s all I can say.

01:15:07 What about you?

01:15:10 You’ve been a great investor yourself.

01:15:14 How do you know, when you judge people,

01:15:18 so I, whenever I go to San Francisco,

01:15:21 I was thinking of moving to San Francisco.

01:15:22 That’s why I decided to, after really giving it

01:15:26 some thought, talking to people, decided to move to Austin.

01:15:29 You know, everybody’s dreaming big and they have big plans.

01:15:33 And it’s actually, I don’t envy the job of an investor

01:15:37 of any kind, because everybody has big dreams

01:15:42 and it’s hard to know who exactly,

01:15:45 what idea is going to materialize,

01:15:48 what team is going to materialize into something great.

01:15:51 How do you make those decisions about people, about ideas?

01:15:57 Well, if I had any kind of a lattice work on this,

01:16:01 it absolutely starts with the people.

01:16:04 And I think the reason for that is your business plan

01:16:08 is going to change, right?

01:16:10 There’s very few businesses I know of that say,

01:16:13 we’re gonna make a widget in this location

01:16:16 and 30 years later, we’re successful

01:16:18 and we just make a widget and that’s what it is.

01:16:21 Things happen, right?

01:16:22 And today they happen with such velocity

01:16:25 that you have to be able to make hard decisions

01:16:31 based on imperfect information.

01:16:34 And are you, how are you going to calculate those answers?

01:16:38 How self interested are you going to be?

01:16:41 What kind of ethics will you apply?

01:16:44 What’s your short term versus long term thinking?

01:16:47 Are you able to give an honest assessment of a situation?

01:16:53 Because the thing that you can count on

01:16:55 is problems are gonna happen.

01:16:58 Things you didn’t anticipate are gonna happen.

01:17:01 How pliable are you, right?

01:17:04 How much elasticity is there in your ability

01:17:09 to be successful?

01:17:10 And I think it’s important when you invest in something

01:17:15 that you both see, you understand the roadmap ahead

01:17:20 and agree to it, right?

01:17:21 Doesn’t mean there won’t be twists and turns,

01:17:23 but you’re not like, whoa, wait a minute,

01:17:25 what did we do here?

01:17:26 This isn’t what was in the thing I signed up for.

01:17:29 And then I think honesty and communication

01:17:34 is a huge thing to me with,

01:17:38 I always tell people if bi directionally,

01:17:42 if there’s something going on,

01:17:43 start the conversation with, Lex, we have a problem.

01:17:48 Okay, now I’m sitting up, you have my full attention,

01:17:52 we’re gonna talk about whatever it is.

01:17:54 Bad news should travel faster than good news.

01:17:56 And because it’s going to happen,

01:18:02 being in business with someone

01:18:04 that is gonna shoot you straight

01:18:07 and sometimes say, I don’t know.

01:18:09 I don’t know what the answer is.

01:18:10 I gotta go figure it out.

01:18:12 That I can process a lot better than,

01:18:15 look, I don’t want you mad at me or disappointed

01:18:18 or I can’t handle not having success.

01:18:20 So we’re just gonna kick the can.

01:18:23 And I think, especially in today’s business environment,

01:18:26 that’s very, very dangerous.

01:18:29 So that’s a bad sign, not just because it’s good

01:18:33 to communicate and be honest,

01:18:35 but if they’re not willing to do that,

01:18:37 then it goes back to the intellectual honesty.

01:18:40 They’re probably not also able to be brutally honest

01:18:44 with themselves when they look in the mirror

01:18:46 about the direction of the company.

01:18:48 But look, I wasn’t there, so I don’t know.

01:18:53 But I think if you unpack many situations

01:18:57 that turned out negatively,

01:19:00 most of the people, whether you’re faking lab results,

01:19:03 you have a biotech company,

01:19:05 everybody’s staring at Theranos these days.

01:19:08 Do I think in a lot of cases, you’re either the villain,

01:19:13 like you started out saying,

01:19:14 I’m gonna screw my shareholders over

01:19:17 and I’m gonna be a liar, that isn’t my experience.

01:19:22 Most things are little incremental moves that you say,

01:19:25 we’re gonna get this right next week,

01:19:27 but today we gotta make the presentation.

01:19:29 So we’re gonna just tweak things a little bit.

01:19:31 That’s a slippery slope, right?

01:19:34 And so that’s why I think from a standpoint of people,

01:19:39 you wanna go into the foxhole with folks that,

01:19:43 you know, understand things are gonna happen

01:19:47 and I’m gonna let you know about them

01:19:49 and we’re gonna try to solve them together.

01:19:52 And then just in terms of the idea,

01:19:55 it’s, I always ask like, okay,

01:19:57 if this company executed the way,

01:20:00 that’s the other thing that always cracks me up

01:20:01 about financials, whenever somebody pitches you,

01:20:05 inevitably they’ll say,

01:20:06 our projections are really, really conservative.

01:20:09 I’m still waiting for somebody to come in and say,

01:20:11 look, my projections are wildly optimistic.

01:20:14 We’ll never hit these numbers, but anyway,

01:20:18 it’s, you know, if this company did what it says

01:20:22 and executes and does it matter, right?

01:20:25 Does it move the needle enough?

01:20:27 And what are the things that uniquely position

01:20:31 this company to be successful?

01:20:33 And you just have to be able to answer,

01:20:35 I think a number of those questions pretty crisply.

01:20:39 But at the end of the day, it’s still a big risk.

01:20:41 So you’re just trying to minimize the risk.

01:20:47 Let me jump to another topic.

01:20:50 You’re an incredible human being

01:20:53 that you’re involved with this.

01:20:54 Your band, Ghost Hounds, is touring with the Rolling Stones.

01:21:00 So before we talk about your band, let me ask about that.

01:21:03 What’s that like, playing with the Rolling Stones?

01:21:07 Surreal, just because they’re my favorite band of all time.

01:21:15 To me, the greatest rock and roll band,

01:21:17 it’s not even close, of all time.

01:21:19 And, you know, to share the same stage,

01:21:22 to be on tour and to go out

01:21:25 and get that energy from the crowd, you know,

01:21:30 and every night and come off stage

01:21:32 and later when they go on and you hear that iconic,

01:21:34 ladies and gentlemen, the Rolling Stones.

01:21:36 And then it’s incredible.

01:21:38 And, you know, what’s amazing to me about the band,

01:21:42 next year will be their 60th anniversary, 60 years.

01:21:48 And it’s hard to be around anything for that long,

01:21:53 but making music and packing stadiums.

01:21:56 And what’s amazing to me, they can play a two hour set

01:21:59 and it’s not just that, oh, that’s a hit or you recognize it.

01:22:03 It’s like every song is an anthem, right?

01:22:06 And so it’s been amazing.

01:22:10 We got to play with them in 2019.

01:22:12 And when they ask us to do this again,

01:22:17 it’s just an absolute privilege.

01:22:19 I asked you this offline,

01:22:21 so I know you are a kind of rockstar,

01:22:24 but just me, maybe I’m projecting,

01:22:27 but do you get nervous, such a large audience

01:22:31 with the Rolling Stones?

01:22:33 It feels like there’ll be a lot of pressure.

01:22:36 Yeah, I mean, you definitely don’t want to screw it up.

01:22:39 I think our band is tight knit and all that stuff.

01:22:45 And I think that the individual nervousness dissipates

01:22:50 when you go out as a group and you’re making music together

01:22:54 and you sort of, okay, we’re all in this

01:22:57 and we’re doing a thing, which is why even in sports,

01:23:01 I always look at individual events like ice skating

01:23:04 or anything where it’s just you out there alone.

01:23:09 And that’s different than being with a team and nerve wracking.

01:23:12 So I’m sure if it was me with an acoustic guitar

01:23:16 just going out, it would feel different,

01:23:18 but absolutely you get the right kind of butterflies,

01:23:22 I would call it.

01:23:24 And just the energy of playing music

01:23:28 and having it be this relationship and look, I get it.

01:23:33 I’ve been to a ton of concerts where I’m like,

01:23:36 look, can we just get to the band please?

01:23:38 But what’s been great is just an amazing reception.

01:23:43 And we have this guy named Trey Nation

01:23:46 who’s the lead singer who’s just incredibly talented.

01:23:49 I mean, he’s just not only an amazing voice,

01:23:54 but just has that charismatic thing.

01:23:56 Yeah, he’s great.

01:23:57 It’s fun.

01:23:58 What’s it feel like to play in front of a huge audience?

01:24:02 What’s, as a guitarist, are you lost in the music?

01:24:07 Like you almost don’t feel the audience.

01:24:10 Does it add extra energy?

01:24:12 Does it add extra anxiety?

01:24:14 What does it feel like?

01:24:17 You know, stadiums are interesting

01:24:19 just because it’s so big and cavernous.

01:24:22 And because you want to protect your ears.

01:24:24 So we use an in ear system

01:24:27 so that you are a little disconnected from the crowd.

01:24:30 Because if you’re playing that loud

01:24:32 and you’re standing in front of your amps

01:24:33 without ear protection, that’s bad.

01:24:36 How are you monitoring the sound?

01:24:38 The in ear stuff, is that producing sound

01:24:40 or is it strictly ear plugs?

01:24:41 No, it’s producing the sound.

01:24:43 So it’s like putting ear pods in and listening to a song

01:24:47 and you’re playing to it, right?

01:24:48 It’s just us playing, but it protects your ears.

01:24:54 But the energy from the crowd,

01:24:58 when they get going and get into it,

01:25:00 which Knock On Wood so far has been amazing,

01:25:04 there’s nothing like it.

01:25:06 I mean, it’s just this bi directional thing that happens.

01:25:12 And music and sports were kind of my first loves.

01:25:18 And yeah, it’s very difficult to describe,

01:25:23 I think accurately, because it’s like no other feeling.

01:25:31 Musically, how is it different than playing in a garage

01:25:35 with the band by yourself practicing?

01:25:38 Like, do you feel like you’re creating something different

01:25:42 when you got the guitar and the amp

01:25:47 and just the sound dissipating out

01:25:50 and everybody’s listening, is that?

01:25:52 It’s, listen, the first time we did it

01:25:55 and there’s nobody in the stadium,

01:25:57 first time I ever played in the stadium.

01:25:59 And I’m just like, I’m out there in front

01:26:03 and just hitting different chords

01:26:05 and playing different licks.

01:26:06 And I’m like, it’s like I won a contest

01:26:09 and I get to do this.

01:26:11 But what’s different about it,

01:26:15 and each venue is different.

01:26:16 So if you, we went on the road with ZZ Top a few years ago,

01:26:21 which was incredible.

01:26:22 Love Billy Gibbons, he’s a Texan.

01:26:25 Incredible person and guitar player.

01:26:28 But when you’re playing in like five to 7,000 seats,

01:26:32 it’s really, I mean, it’s, you’re right there with them,

01:26:36 with the crowd.

01:26:37 And then when you play in an arena,

01:26:40 we toured with Bob Seger on his last tour, which was cool.

01:26:44 Played some shows with him.

01:26:47 And again, the arena, like they’re all kind of packed

01:26:50 on top of you.

01:26:51 And it’s super loud, which was cool.

01:26:55 Meaning the crowd is,

01:26:56 stadiums is a completely different animal.

01:26:59 And it’s just a completely different experience.

01:27:05 Do you enjoy it versus like a smaller room?

01:27:09 What, as a guitarist, as a musician,

01:27:13 what’s your favorite like room to play of the size?

01:27:16 Any room that’ll have me.

01:27:17 You know, look, I think arenas are the perfect blend.

01:27:23 If I had to say, because it’s loud and, you know,

01:27:26 20, 30,000 people, but like right up, right up on you.

01:27:31 A stadium, look, playing the stadiums with the Rolling

01:27:36 Stones, it just is gonna go on the head marker somewhere

01:27:40 is one of the more, you know, I say this,

01:27:42 and I really mean it.

01:27:43 My life is like a punked episode that just hasn’t,

01:27:47 no one’s burst in yet, but yeah,

01:27:51 it’s as cool as you think it is.

01:27:53 So 60 years, how do you think Mick Jagger still got it?

01:27:58 How do you explain it?

01:27:59 I gotta tell you something.

01:28:00 I mean, the funny thing is whatever,

01:28:04 wherever there is excellence,

01:28:06 people wanna know how’d you do it, right?

01:28:09 What’s the secret?

01:28:12 Not only is Mick Jagger, and I think the songs

01:28:15 that Keith Richards and Mick Jagger wrote together,

01:28:17 if you go back and listen to the lyrics,

01:28:21 it’s just incredibly poignant,

01:28:23 and I’m just a huge Stones fan, so,

01:28:27 but he works out like a maniac, right?

01:28:32 And it’s that 10,000 hours thing,

01:28:35 and it’s that, hey, maybe I don’t feel my best today,

01:28:38 but I’m gonna get up and do my routine and work out

01:28:41 so that at his age, which, I mean,

01:28:47 you can look at people at different ages chronologically

01:28:51 that are, maybe we’re both at this age,

01:28:54 but I’m a lot older than you are, and vice versa.

01:28:57 And he just, I think it’s the combination of raw talent

01:29:02 and the ability, and he’s very smart, right?

01:29:06 Like he understands how to have interaction with a crowd

01:29:10 and hold them in the palm of his hand

01:29:11 and be an entertainer, but then on top of that,

01:29:15 the reason he can at this age run around stadiums

01:29:19 and be just as energetic is he puts the work in.

01:29:22 And that’s one thing, step that I think

01:29:24 a lot of people miss sometimes,

01:29:26 where they want that magic trick,

01:29:28 they wanna know what’s the shortcut.

01:29:30 Most of the time, the answer is there’s no shortcut.

01:29:32 Yeah, you have to work hard on the way there

01:29:36 and work hard to stay on top.

01:29:39 That’s it.

01:29:40 And sometimes it’s not even like work hard,

01:29:41 it’s just like be a professional,

01:29:45 which that involves, in his case, at his age,

01:29:49 with the amount of stuff you have to do on stage

01:29:51 and the way he does it.

01:29:53 For two hours.

01:29:53 You have, this is a professional athlete.

01:29:58 A professional athlete that has to do things

01:30:01 that are probably designed for 20 year olds

01:30:04 and 30 year olds has to do it at an older age,

01:30:06 which means what do you have to do?

01:30:08 Well, he probably has a whole physical routine

01:30:11 he has to do.

01:30:12 Diet, the whole thing.

01:30:13 And it’s hard, look, if you wanna do great things,

01:30:17 you probably have to do hard things to get there.

01:30:20 I’m not gonna make you pick,

01:30:22 just stick on the stones for one more minute.

01:30:26 But what are some great Rolling Stones songs

01:30:31 that were impactful to you, lyrically, musically,

01:30:36 maybe something you like playing, like air guitar.

01:30:41 Oh, sure.

01:30:42 I don’t know.

01:30:43 Probably my favorites, I love Sympathy for the Devil.

01:30:47 Yeah.

01:30:47 It’s a very, I don’t know, sort of Faustian.

01:30:51 I love the lyrics.

01:30:52 I love how the, almost a voodoo beat

01:30:55 just kind of builds throughout the song.

01:30:58 That’s always been one of my favorites.

01:31:00 So in that song, he never mentions Devil, does he?

01:31:02 No, wait, sorry.

01:31:04 Like, you know my name.

01:31:07 Yeah.

01:31:08 There’s like a flirtation going on in the lyrics.

01:31:11 It’s kind of interesting.

01:31:12 Yeah, here’s all the trouble I’ve caused along the way

01:31:15 with you humans.

01:31:16 And I just think it’s really, really great.

01:31:18 And musically, it builds really nicely.

01:31:20 Yeah.

01:31:21 And it’s like both fun and dark.

01:31:23 It’s cool.

01:31:24 It’s a,

01:31:29 there’s a playful nature to it.

01:31:30 It’s, that’s very stones.

01:31:33 The only, they can pull it off

01:31:34 because it’s like playful,

01:31:36 but it’s also like dark and dangerous, dangerous, dangerous.

01:31:39 Yeah.

01:31:40 And Gimme Shelter is just, you know,

01:31:44 and to this day, when I listen to the studio version

01:31:48 and Mary Clayton just comes on and sings that epic,

01:31:53 iconic part.

01:31:55 And there’s a documentary that was done

01:31:58 about backup singers, phenomenal.

01:32:02 And it tells the story of that moment

01:32:06 in that song with Mary Clayton.

01:32:08 And it’s just her voice and the way it unfolded,

01:32:13 they got her out of bed at like 10 o clock at night in LA.

01:32:15 And she’s like the Rolling Stones,

01:32:17 and went in and just killed it.

01:32:20 And I can’t sing at all.

01:32:23 I’m by ordinance not allowed around a microphone.

01:32:26 So I’m always in awe when someone can sing like that.

01:32:32 But, you know, those are,

01:32:35 those are some of my favorite Rolling Stones songs

01:32:39 and Painted Black’s awesome.

01:32:41 I mean, I could go on and on.

01:32:42 Yeah, Painted Black is great.

01:32:44 Again, a song that builds as bad as,

01:32:45 I mean, it defines a whole generation.

01:32:48 What made you pick up a guitar?

01:32:49 What made you fall in love with the guitar?

01:32:52 It’s just the coolest instrument, right?

01:32:55 I mean, when you watched back then,

01:32:59 and I was kind of an old soul.

01:33:01 I was listening at a fairly young age to Muddy Waters,

01:33:08 Robert Johnson, Lightning Hopkins, BB King,

01:33:11 and just the soulfulness.

01:33:14 Thrills gone.

01:33:16 Oh my, I mean, BB plays five notes and just kills it

01:33:21 and the emotion that it evokes.

01:33:24 So I just was just in awe of the instrument.

01:33:29 And I also, there’s always somebody around who’s a musician

01:33:36 that just picks the instrument up and can play, right?

01:33:39 And they’re just so talented at it.

01:33:41 And they can just listen to a record and play it.

01:33:43 That was never me.

01:33:45 I never took formal lessons.

01:33:47 I had to grind to just make it sound

01:33:52 like I wanted it to sound.

01:33:54 So both technically and ear, everything was hard work.

01:33:58 Yeah, I mean, I could hear it and what they call,

01:34:02 you know, you play.

01:34:04 So my right hand, the rhythm side of it is,

01:34:09 that’s probably if I have anything, my strength.

01:34:13 But there’s something pretty amazing that happens

01:34:18 when you get together with other people and play a song

01:34:22 in that moment where it hits the pocket

01:34:25 and you all kind of know it.

01:34:27 And it’s just such a cool feeling.

01:34:31 And it was interesting growing up because I was,

01:34:34 again, I always had eclectic interests.

01:34:36 So I loved math and physics and science.

01:34:38 So I had those friends and I was an athlete

01:34:41 and played football and baseball and basketball.

01:34:43 So I had my jock friends, and then I had my music friends

01:34:47 and so it was just kind of that.

01:34:51 And so when I was still living in Los Angeles

01:34:55 and had Legendary, I just missed playing.

01:35:01 And so I put this band together

01:35:04 and called it the Ghost Hounds because again,

01:35:08 huge Robert Johnson fan and that legend of Robert Johnson

01:35:13 selling his soul at the crossroads

01:35:15 in exchange for his musical talent.

01:35:17 And you guys have that in one of the videos.

01:35:18 Yeah, yeah, yeah.

01:35:19 Such a cool video.

01:35:20 Exactly, so I just thought that’s such cool lore.

01:35:26 I just love the blues.

01:35:28 So Robert Johnson would often talk about hellhounds

01:35:32 on his trail.

01:35:33 And so I always just thought, huh, what about ghost towns?

01:35:37 So I wish it were a more clever, deeper story,

01:35:41 but that’s about it for the name.

01:35:43 That’s pretty deep, Robert Johnson’s incredible.

01:35:45 But you also talk about that you connect

01:35:48 to the storytelling of blues.

01:35:50 So what makes a good story in a song?

01:35:53 Like what aspect of storytelling connects with you in song?

01:35:57 So I’m a big lyrics guy too.

01:35:59 I love like deep lyric people like Tom Waits

01:36:03 and like people that are like Leonard Cohen,

01:36:07 like even Bob Dylan, they’re like obviously, it’s poetry.

01:36:12 And then there’s some people like the Rolling Stones there.

01:36:15 It’s like seemingly simpler,

01:36:18 but it’s still so much more to it.

01:36:20 It’s like less is often more.

01:36:23 It still tells a strong story.

01:36:25 Yeah, and there’s certain people

01:36:27 and Jagger and Mick Jagger and Keith Richards

01:36:30 are in this boat.

01:36:31 Billy Gibbons is in this boat.

01:36:32 They just say things in a certain way

01:36:35 that are just cool, right?

01:36:37 It’s just, and so I write our music and lyrics.

01:36:42 I have to tell a story.

01:36:44 I have to know the characters in the song.

01:36:46 I’m not good at just writing some rhymes

01:36:49 and having it match up to the right key and the right music.

01:36:52 I have to understand like, that’s just me.

01:36:56 And so I think that, look,

01:36:59 if you have three or four minutes to tell a story,

01:37:02 you have to be more efficient with your use of language.

01:37:07 And you have to understand what you’re building to it

01:37:10 understand what you’re building to, if anything,

01:37:12 and evoke emotion.

01:37:15 And hopefully for those three minutes,

01:37:18 get the listener to understand

01:37:21 not only the point of the song,

01:37:22 but where you’re coming from

01:37:24 and to make you feel a certain way.

01:37:28 There’s a song that the audience has seemed to like a lot

01:37:31 on the new album called Good Old Days.

01:37:34 And I wrote that because especially during COVID

01:37:38 and reflecting on what normalcy looks like

01:37:42 and what happens when you’re cut off,

01:37:46 I just was kind of taken with this idea of

01:37:50 that when you sit around and reminisce with friends,

01:37:53 oftentimes it’s not just like some big event happened.

01:37:59 It’s, remember that summer,

01:38:00 we’d go up to the lake all the time

01:38:03 and it’s who you were with.

01:38:05 And at the time, it probably seemed pretty pedestrian.

01:38:09 It just seemed like kind of a normal day,

01:38:12 but it was the company you were keeping.

01:38:13 It was the time in your life.

01:38:15 It was whatever it was.

01:38:17 And I just kind of struck me that right now

01:38:21 we’re doing stuff that you’re gonna reminisce about later

01:38:24 that seems kind of ordinary to be like,

01:38:26 man, that was such a great time.

01:38:29 So the idea is be in the moment and all that stuff.

01:38:31 But these are the good old days.

01:38:34 And enjoy it and soak it in

01:38:37 and kind of be present for it.

01:38:39 Yeah, it’s a great perspective to take on the present

01:38:42 because we are in the thing that we’ll remember.

01:38:44 We’re living through the thing we’ll remember.

01:38:46 And sometimes the things we’ll remember

01:38:47 is the simple stuff, the little stuff.

01:38:52 Outside of Keith Richards,

01:38:55 who is the greatest, ridiculous question,

01:38:58 but just indulge me,

01:39:00 who is the greatest blues guitarist of all time,

01:39:03 rock guitarist of all time?

01:39:05 Well, you got a little bit of a hybrid

01:39:07 with Jimi Hendrix, right?

01:39:08 Because he played the blues and he played rock and roll.

01:39:11 So I think most guitarists would say

01:39:14 Jimi Hendrix was pretty ridiculous.

01:39:17 That probably for me,

01:39:19 I’m a huge, huge, huge Hendrix fan to play.

01:39:21 He can’t, I mean, even to this day,

01:39:24 I don’t care, technology, pedals, whatever,

01:39:27 he just somehow fused with the instrument.

01:39:31 I can’t be sitting here in Austin, Texas

01:39:34 without mentioning one of the great guitar players

01:39:37 of all time, Stevie Ray Vaughn.

01:39:40 See, that’s how, I know you’re like a rock star.

01:39:42 You’re sucking up to the audience.

01:39:43 Well, no, you have listeners all over the place,

01:39:47 but Stevie Ray Vaughn is another one of those.

01:39:51 That is incredible.

01:39:51 Just blows me away.

01:39:55 And then with the older guys,

01:39:57 BB King, Hubert Sumlin, Clapton.

01:40:01 I saw him on his last tour

01:40:06 and just walked out on my,

01:40:09 just like unbelievable how he still sounds.

01:40:14 And both electric and acoustic, just so strange.

01:40:18 Absolute master.

01:40:20 And the greatest storyteller, you mentioned Bob Seger.

01:40:23 That’s an interesting one.

01:40:26 He almost doesn’t get enough credit, I feel like,

01:40:30 for how great he is.

01:40:31 Obviously he’s super famous, but.

01:40:33 No, he’s, and his voice.

01:40:36 I also, I had the privilege of getting friendly

01:40:39 with John Fogerty, you know, John Fogerty and CCR fame.

01:40:43 And he’s another one that’s just the way he phrases things.

01:40:48 And you just look at the catalog of stuff he wrote.

01:40:52 Amazing talent.

01:40:54 I read Bruce Springsteen’s book

01:40:59 and was, I’m a fan, but after reading the book,

01:41:02 it was really, you go back and listen to his lyrics

01:41:05 and the way he pours himself out is pretty incredible.

01:41:13 And then again, with the old blues guys,

01:41:17 I just think the emotion they could get out of

01:41:20 playing like, staying on the one, right?

01:41:23 Just playing the same rhythm.

01:41:25 John Lee Hooker.

01:41:27 You listen to Manish Boy by Muddy Waters

01:41:31 and it’s just, there’s something so,

01:41:36 it just draws me in every time.

01:41:38 And the emotion they’re able to get out of things.

01:41:42 And I’m also a huge Chuck Berry fan.

01:41:44 I just think that sound is, I love it.

01:41:48 Do you know how to play Johnny B. Goode?

01:41:51 I do.

01:41:53 That’s good.

01:41:55 Maybe one of the great moments, at least of my childhood,

01:41:59 was back to the future and watching Michael J. Fox plug in

01:42:06 and then at the end, play at the dance

01:42:09 to save his parents with Johnny B. Goode, pretty awesome.

01:42:11 Yeah, the guitar is so much more than a musical instrument.

01:42:14 It feels like, it’s like the,

01:42:17 in the 20th century, it’s like the car.

01:42:20 Like it defines so much of Hollywood,

01:42:22 so much of a generation of what it means to be,

01:42:26 I don’t know, what it means to be a man,

01:42:28 what it means to be a human in America.

01:42:31 It’s fascinating.

01:42:32 Emblematic to me of a certain type of music.

01:42:37 Yeah.

01:42:37 And that’s, I made a documentary years ago

01:42:40 called It Might Get Loud with Jimmy Page, The Edge.

01:42:43 I highly recommend that everybody watch that documentary.

01:42:46 It’s an incredible celebration of the guitar.

01:42:48 Yeah, it says Jimmy Page, Jack White from White Stripes.

01:42:53 The Edge.

01:42:54 And The Edge from U2.

01:42:56 Okay, all right.

01:42:57 Well, now you have to tell the story of that one

01:42:59 because how the heck did that all come together?

01:43:02 Because it’s so fascinating,

01:43:03 such different musicians all coming together,

01:43:07 talking about their story,

01:43:09 talking about how they approach the music

01:43:11 and also playing together a little bit

01:43:13 in this casual kind of setting.

01:43:15 Well, look, one day I came downstairs

01:43:18 and the Rolling Stone magazine is sitting there

01:43:21 and it was the 50 top guitarists of all time, their list.

01:43:25 And then I had some other financial report with video games

01:43:29 and the top video game at the time was Guitar Hero, right?

01:43:32 And then there was a third thing, I can’t recall it,

01:43:35 but I just, and I said to myself,

01:43:37 what is it about the guitar that is so central

01:43:42 to the rock and roll, whatever you wanna call it?

01:43:45 Like, why is that the symbol?

01:43:46 And I said to myself, I wanna ask Jimmy Page

01:43:52 why he picked up the guitar,

01:43:54 because he’s Jimmy Page, right?

01:43:56 And so I called a friend of mine, Davis Guggenheim,

01:44:00 who had directed Inconvenient Truth,

01:44:02 and I think still is,

01:44:03 but at the time was the biggest documentary ever.

01:44:06 And I called Davis and I said, look, I have this idea.

01:44:09 I wanna make this movie about the guitar,

01:44:12 about different eras and styles and whatever,

01:44:15 but I’ve never made a documentary.

01:44:16 I don’t know how to do that.

01:44:18 So I was just looking for advice.

01:44:20 And thankfully, because he’s one

01:44:24 of the best documentarians ever, Davis is like,

01:44:27 you know what, I can’t get this out of my head.

01:44:29 I’ll direct it, which was amazing.

01:44:32 And we wrote three names down

01:44:34 that represented different eras and different styles.

01:44:38 Rarely do you get, you go three for three,

01:44:41 but it was those three guys.

01:44:44 And it was just such a incredible experience

01:44:49 to sit there and get to know Jimmy Page.

01:44:53 You know, I mean, it was like,

01:44:55 and he was like Gandalf, man.

01:44:57 He was like always Jimmy Page.

01:45:00 And…

01:45:02 That was so cool to see him.

01:45:03 Gandalf was, there’s like a wisdom,

01:45:06 there’s a calmness to him compared

01:45:08 to like the restlessness of Jack White.

01:45:12 Like the, I mean, that combination was just fascinating.

01:45:16 It was one of the coolest experiences ever.

01:45:19 And one of the things, there was a moment

01:45:22 where Jimmy, he was going through his guitar case

01:45:26 and he had the double neck from stairway to heaven

01:45:28 and he handed it to me and I was like, mm hmm.

01:45:32 I mean, it’s like somebody handing you X caliber or something.

01:45:36 Amazing experience.

01:45:38 And The Edge, one of the kindest human beings

01:45:40 you’ll ever meet in your life.

01:45:42 Just an amazing person.

01:45:44 And I think he hit it right on the head with Jack

01:45:47 is he’s got that energy, you know,

01:45:49 and constantly pushing himself.

01:45:52 But it’s hard to believe it’s been, I think 10 or 11

01:45:55 or maybe even 12 years since it came out, but.

01:45:58 After watching it, I realized like how much it was needed.

01:46:02 And I was almost surprised it didn’t already exist.

01:46:07 It was like, yeah, the guitar wasn’t quite celebrated

01:46:12 like explicitly.

01:46:13 We almost didn’t acknowledge it.

01:46:15 How important it was culturally.

01:46:17 It’s kind of amazing.

01:46:18 And the way it closed from the song, the.

01:46:20 The Wait.

01:46:21 It was called The Wait, yeah, by the band.

01:46:23 Yeah. Yeah.

01:46:24 That’s because they didn’t want to go home.

01:46:26 We were shooting on a Warner Brothers soundstage

01:46:30 for three days when we called it The Summit

01:46:32 where the three of them came together.

01:46:34 And the two things I’ll never forget

01:46:36 is when Jimmy starts to play the riff

01:46:39 from Whole Lotta Love.

01:46:40 Yeah.

01:46:41 Edge and Jack ceased to be rock, you know,

01:46:46 rock gods or whatever,

01:46:47 and had the same 15 year old kid feeling that I did.

01:46:51 You could see in their face.

01:46:53 And then at the end, they’re like, hey, can we play?

01:46:55 We just want to, we don’t want to go.

01:46:57 Can we just play something acoustically?

01:46:59 So we printed out the lyrics.

01:47:00 That’s what they wanted to play.

01:47:01 And they just sat there and sat on those couches

01:47:05 and just.

01:47:06 Such a good way to end.

01:47:07 Yeah.

01:47:08 Incredible.

01:47:09 What’s your guitar rig setup like?

01:47:12 You have a few guitars.

01:47:15 First, let’s just put on the line.

01:47:17 So what’s better, Les Paul or Strat?

01:47:21 Well, I’m not going to get into what’s better

01:47:24 because I’m sure that’ll start a flood of whatever.

01:47:26 For me.

01:47:27 I’m going to say it’s Strat.

01:47:29 All right.

01:47:30 I’m a Les Paul.

01:47:31 My main instrument is a Les Paul.

01:47:34 But I, okay, let me just put it on the table.

01:47:36 I’m speaking as somebody who literally,

01:47:39 I don’t think I’ve ever actually strummed a chord

01:47:41 on a Les Paul.

01:47:42 So I’ve been, maybe I’m uninitiated.

01:47:45 Exactly.

01:47:46 So I don’t, I don’t speak from experience,

01:47:47 but it’s probably because of Hendrix

01:47:50 is so deeply influenced by Hendrix

01:47:52 that I just kind of follow in his footsteps

01:47:55 and clap them and so on.

01:47:56 The amazing thing to me is if you look back at Leo Fender

01:48:01 and what the Gibson Guitar Company and Les Paul did

01:48:03 in the fifties, those are still the shapes

01:48:07 and the perfect thing today, right?

01:48:09 The Strat and the Telecaster and the Les Paul.

01:48:12 And it’s, they got it right way back, way back then.

01:48:15 So I have my main guitar, you got to name your guitar.

01:48:21 So my main guitar is named Hazel and it’s a 59 Les Paul.

01:48:26 And there’s something magical in that year,

01:48:31 like a Stradivarius and they’re just,

01:48:34 there’s something different about them.

01:48:36 So I play that and then I play it through sort of

01:48:41 my main rig is either a 59 Fender Twin or a 65 Marshall.

01:48:50 And then when we’re on the road now,

01:48:52 cause when you use older vintage stuff,

01:48:54 you just got to be super careful with the tubes

01:48:56 and everything, it has to be reliable.

01:48:58 So very nicely, the guys from Two Rock

01:49:01 sent me some of their amps and they’re really,

01:49:03 cause I don’t use any new stuff,

01:49:05 but the Two Rock stuff is pretty great.

01:49:07 So that’s actually what I’m using.

01:49:08 Oh, it gets close to the sound that you like

01:49:11 with the Marshall.

01:49:11 Yeah, it’s new and reliable.

01:49:14 So that’s what I’m using on the road right now.

01:49:15 Do people use like emulation?

01:49:17 Do they use software?

01:49:18 Is it still?

01:49:19 They do.

01:49:20 I personally don’t, I go, I don’t have many pedals.

01:49:23 I use a Klon, an old vintage Klon straight into the amp.

01:49:28 As old school as possible.

01:49:30 Is there other cool guitars you have

01:49:32 that kind of stand out?

01:49:34 I have a bunch of what they call Blackguard Telecasters

01:49:38 from the 50s, which are pretty great.

01:49:42 What are those, Blackguard Telecasters?

01:49:44 Yeah, so they just, you know, it’s in the 50s.

01:49:45 Oh, they actually legit have a Blackguard.

01:49:47 Pickguard.

01:49:48 Got it.

01:49:49 But they’re incredible, so.

01:49:51 What’s the color of the Telecaster itself?

01:49:53 Most of them are yellow with black

01:49:55 and then they got into different configurations,

01:49:57 but there’s something, I have a 51 Telecaster

01:50:01 that I play in Open G, and in songs with Open G,

01:50:04 that just, again, there’s something, you know,

01:50:09 and I’ll take all the help I can get

01:50:11 in terms of making it sound great.

01:50:13 So I’ll try to find the magic ones.

01:50:15 What’s your writing process like

01:50:18 for the music and the lyrics?

01:50:21 Is there, do you have to go to the mountains?

01:50:26 Is there whiskey involved?

01:50:27 What do you have to do?

01:50:28 Or do you just write a little bit

01:50:29 whenever you have a moment of free time?

01:50:31 I’m a boring guy, because I don’t drink.

01:50:33 I don’t, I just, I figure I can screw things up plenty

01:50:37 on my own without adding anything.

01:50:39 It’s a good call.

01:50:40 But, you know, for me, it either starts with a riff,

01:50:46 just something that I think is an interesting,

01:50:50 you know, riff or tone that I can kind of sink my teeth

01:50:54 into a little bit.

01:50:55 And a lot of times I’ll write a title and love a title

01:51:00 and then start to back it up.

01:51:02 So the title is almost like an idea.

01:51:04 Yeah, like this is where I want to be

01:51:07 and then start kind of writing it out.

01:51:10 And again, I just have to know,

01:51:13 am I writing from a character’s point of view?

01:51:16 Am I writing about someone or something,

01:51:19 you know, as like the narrator?

01:51:22 And, you know, what is this person?

01:51:23 Are they happy?

01:51:24 Are they sad?

01:51:25 Are they happy?

01:51:26 Where are they in life?

01:51:27 I don’t know if all that, like,

01:51:29 great writers, I’m sure, would say,

01:51:32 why don’t you just write?

01:51:34 You don’t need all that.

01:51:36 But that’s, for me, that’s my process.

01:51:38 Well, I’m not so sure about that.

01:51:39 I bet you quite a lot of writers have

01:51:43 created a world in their mind

01:51:45 before they even put the simplest of words down.

01:51:48 So yeah, there’s quite a lot to that.

01:51:51 Yeah.

01:51:54 What’s your favorite song to play?

01:51:57 Is there some favorite ones you go to?

01:52:00 But both play and kind of, I’m sure you love singing.

01:52:04 Oh, no, no, no.

01:52:05 No, you don’t?

01:52:06 I’m not, I’m neither talented nor do I have the desire.

01:52:10 And I think, you know, if you come see the show,

01:52:14 you won’t see a microphone anywhere near me.

01:52:16 But do you, I mean, do you hear,

01:52:18 like when you’re thinking about lyrics,

01:52:19 do you hear the idea of the words?

01:52:21 100%.

01:52:22 And especially what’s great with Trey

01:52:26 is I write for his voice.

01:52:28 And then we have these amazing backup singers

01:52:32 that are just, and I can hear all of it,

01:52:35 I just can’t do it.

01:52:37 And so I’d say of our stuff,

01:52:41 there’s a song called Half My Fault

01:52:44 that I play in Open G that just,

01:52:47 I love playing the song.

01:52:49 I love that energy.

01:52:50 And then there’s, we have a new blues album coming out

01:52:53 and there’s a song called Baby We’re Through

01:52:59 and it just stays on the one.

01:53:01 And if for non musicians, that means,

01:53:03 like in a lot of rock and roll and blues,

01:53:05 it’s what’s called a one, four, five progression

01:53:09 from your kind of root note.

01:53:11 And you would hear, if you’re a non musician,

01:53:13 if you heard it, you’d be like,

01:53:14 oh yeah, that’s a lot of songs.

01:53:16 And this song just stays on the same groove.

01:53:18 Like La Grange or Shake Your Hips or any of those songs.

01:53:23 And it’s just got this unbelievable energy

01:53:26 and it’s fun to play,

01:53:27 but I have to keep the same rhythmic thing going

01:53:31 for the whole song.

01:53:32 With that simplicity, I mean,

01:53:33 the personality of the song can really shine.

01:53:36 I mean, Trey’s, I mean, that guy, really cool.

01:53:42 He just comes through.

01:53:44 I mean, I guess you need that from a lead singer.

01:53:45 He’s just, he’s just.

01:53:47 You gotta have that, and my other guitar player,

01:53:50 Johnny Bob is, he’s a phenomenal,

01:53:53 I mean, like a legitimate guitar slinger.

01:53:58 You know, we probably split the leads 70, 30,

01:54:03 and he is just, you know,

01:54:06 there’s times sometimes I look over at him

01:54:07 and I’m like, I’m being a fan right now

01:54:09 because what you just laid down is pretty good.

01:54:12 From a lead perspective, what’s the most fun thing to play?

01:54:16 What kind of stuff do you, do you like slow?

01:54:18 Do you like, I mean, if you, like, thrill is gone.

01:54:21 So if you look at B.B. King,

01:54:23 sometimes one note just bending the shit out of that.

01:54:25 What do you call that, vibrato?

01:54:27 If I’m gonna play the lead, it’s a certain kind of feel.

01:54:30 Slow blues is probably my favorite to play,

01:54:33 or something that’s got a little more

01:54:35 of that Chuck Berry drive

01:54:37 where you can be rhythmic in the lead.

01:54:41 You know, I can’t, the shredding thing that those guys do

01:54:45 is, that’s not my.

01:54:47 I was actually always able to do that really well.

01:54:51 Like, you mentioned people that pick up fast,

01:54:53 like, maybe it’s the classical piano training.

01:54:55 I can play super fast on guitar, super technical.

01:54:58 But to me, the hardest thing and my favorite thing

01:55:02 is just, it’s probably less to do with the guitar,

01:55:06 more living on life that’s worth playing a guitar for.

01:55:10 It’s like a certain kind of emotion

01:55:13 that you can put into the notes.

01:55:15 And that has to do with bending notes well.

01:55:17 Like, bending notes is a whole other art form of,

01:55:22 I worked surprisingly a long time on Comfortably Numb.

01:55:28 And there’s, so David Gilmour, there’s a lot of bending.

01:55:31 And they’re simple, they sound simple.

01:55:35 But the dynamics of them,

01:55:40 to express like a build up in the way it’s held

01:55:43 and there’s often a vibrato at the top for a bit.

01:55:46 Just that, it’s almost like a sigh

01:55:52 and a sigh of relief and the build up.

01:55:54 I mean, that’s an art form for him that’s hard to get right.

01:55:58 It’s not just playing a note, playing a note,

01:56:00 playing a note, it’s in that like dynamic movement

01:56:04 of a note that so much can happen.

01:56:06 That’s where the blues happens to.

01:56:08 Look, I’m a huge Freddie King fan too, right?

01:56:11 And you listen to these guys and they’re,

01:56:15 you sit there and they’re like,

01:56:17 man, you’re playing in a small range on the neck.

01:56:22 But, you know, it’s like, I know the notes you’re playing

01:56:26 and I’m playing them too, but not like that, right?

01:56:30 I mean, it’s, and Gilmour is certainly one of those guys

01:56:33 that’s an incredible guitar player.

01:56:35 And yet another chapter of an amazing life.

01:56:40 You love football, like you mentioned.

01:56:41 You play football?

01:56:43 Yes.

01:56:43 What position do you play?

01:56:44 Wide receiver.

01:56:45 Wide receiver.

01:56:47 Awesome.

01:56:48 So, maybe we can talk a little bit about your love

01:56:52 of football and the fact that you are part owner

01:56:58 of the Pittsburgh Steelers.

01:57:00 Yeah.

01:57:01 So, I mean, where do we start?

01:57:02 You start at the beginning, let’s start at the end.

01:57:05 Why the Steelers?

01:57:06 What attracted you to the, first of all,

01:57:09 I think not to be controversial,

01:57:12 but one of the best uniforms in football

01:57:15 in terms of just the black and gold, just.

01:57:19 Decal only on one side.

01:57:20 Yeah, it’s great.

01:57:21 Yeah, the helmet.

01:57:23 Look, I’ve bled black and gold since I was a little boy.

01:57:27 I grew up in upstate New York.

01:57:29 And the first football game I ever saw

01:57:32 was the Steelers in the Super Bowl is a really little kit.

01:57:35 And it just, I mean, Jack Lambert and Joe Green

01:57:39 and Franco Harris and those guys were like,

01:57:41 came down from Olympia, Mount Olympus or something.

01:57:45 And I just was enamored with the team.

01:57:48 And because we only had three channels,

01:57:50 the only time I’d get to see them is occasionally

01:57:53 when they were the game of the week or something.

01:57:57 And I just loved to me what they stood for, the toughness

01:58:02 and they played football the way that I thought was great.

01:58:08 I was a huge Jack Lambert fan,

01:58:11 our Hall of Fame linebacker who just intimidated everybody.

01:58:15 So that was like the,

01:58:16 that was the decade of the steel curtain.

01:58:21 I mean, arguably one of the great sort of defensive

01:58:24 in football history and also one of the greatest

01:58:28 football teams period of in football history.

01:58:32 I’ve been a lifelong fan and was very fortunate

01:58:37 to meet Mr. Rooney.

01:58:39 The Rooney family started the team in 1933,

01:58:44 got to know him and just was asked to be part

01:58:48 of the ownership group.

01:58:49 I think it was the end of 2007,

01:58:52 first year as part of the group in 2008,

01:58:54 we won the Super Bowl.

01:58:56 And it was like beyond surreal and just beyond surreal.

01:59:01 And it’s amazing to be able to do.

01:59:07 I mean, the Rooney family is one of those most revered

01:59:13 in sports for the way they conduct themselves.

01:59:16 Mr. Rooney passed away, I think five years ago now

01:59:20 and we lost him, but was a champion, helped build the league.

01:59:23 I mean, put the league as we know it together.

01:59:27 More importantly, it was a civil rights champion

01:59:30 who created what we now call the Rooney rule

01:59:34 to make sure that we’re being fair

01:59:36 about giving minority coaches a chance to get hired.

01:59:40 And just is one of the most kind

01:59:44 and amazing human beings I ever met.

01:59:47 It’s incredible what sport does.

01:59:51 Like to bring out the best in people,

01:59:56 to give people hope, to inspire people.

01:59:58 There’s something about football

01:59:59 that has all the elements of a great sport.

02:00:04 It’s the teamwork, it’s the sort of the combat aspect of it.

02:00:10 It’s like, it’s the purity of it.

02:00:11 It’s of like strength and power and speed

02:00:16 and all the elements of like last minute,

02:00:21 close calls required to win the game.

02:00:25 And where referee decisions, of course,

02:00:28 that’s essential for a sport can screw up the whole thing.

02:00:30 Just got all of it together.

02:00:32 I think just, I don’t know, it gives the drama

02:00:36 and the triumphs are just beautiful.

02:00:40 Like some of my favorite memories,

02:00:42 I don’t know if it’s an accident

02:00:43 or this is common with people,

02:00:45 it’s just with friends watching football

02:00:48 and connecting over that.

02:00:51 Yeah, well, look, it’s an incredible game

02:00:54 because there’s nowhere to hide, right?

02:00:56 You’re out there on the field.

02:00:57 You know, it’s a great game that requires

02:01:02 not only all those attributes that you said,

02:01:04 but it’s incredibly complex game.

02:01:07 So if you don’t know what you’re looking at

02:01:09 and you don’t understand how complex

02:01:11 defenses are trying to disguise what they’re doing,

02:01:14 offenses are trying to overcome that

02:01:17 and you can set up one play the entire game,

02:01:22 but a team that plays well together, right?

02:01:26 Knows their plays inside and out,

02:01:28 knows their assignments inside and out,

02:01:30 can overcome and beat a more physically gifted team

02:01:33 because of that aspect of working together.

02:01:38 One of the things that I always loved about sports

02:01:43 is just you’re out there, there’s a set of rules

02:01:47 and there’s a scoreboard.

02:01:48 So at the end of that game, it says,

02:01:51 and you can make excuses about the refs

02:01:54 or this happened or that happened,

02:01:55 but at the end of the day, did you go out and compete?

02:02:01 And when you went out and were a competitor,

02:02:05 how did it work out, right?

02:02:07 And the simplicity of that and the purity of that

02:02:10 is something that I always have been drawn to.

02:02:15 What about the business of sort of owning a team

02:02:18 or putting together a team or trying to like build up a team

02:02:22 that’s going to be a great team?

02:02:23 Like what are some interesting aspects

02:02:25 that people might not realize that you can carry over

02:02:27 from all the other experience you have in business?

02:02:32 I think the hardest thing about professional sports,

02:02:36 right now it’s individuals getting paid money

02:02:39 to play a sport, which is different than,

02:02:42 it’s certainly different than amateur.

02:02:45 And the decisions that are hard

02:02:48 is when you get to know somebody

02:02:50 who’s a player on the team

02:02:53 and either they’re at the end of their career

02:02:55 or you need to go in a different direction

02:02:57 and that person who’s done everything that you’ve asked,

02:03:01 whatever the coaches have asked of that person

02:03:03 and you get close to them.

02:03:05 And then when they have to be traded,

02:03:08 released or whatever happens, it’s, that’s sad.

02:03:12 And being able to stand back and in some ways

02:03:17 be dispassionate and not be a fan, right?

02:03:20 There’s a, I’m on the baseball hall of fame board

02:03:25 and one of the guys that’s on the board of me

02:03:29 is Jerry Reinsdorf.

02:03:30 And I think it was Jerry who said,

02:03:32 if you act like a fan, you’ll be sitting with them,

02:03:36 which I thought was kind of funny.

02:03:37 Well, I got to push back on that a little bit

02:03:40 as a, by way of a fan asking a dumb question.

02:03:47 Okay, let me just give some examples.

02:03:49 It’s very common in sport.

02:03:51 It’s funny you said this example of like

02:03:54 certain great players going to another team

02:03:57 right at the end of their career.

02:04:00 And it always makes me sad.

02:04:03 It almost makes me want to wish

02:04:04 that he kind of retired right there from a perspective

02:04:09 of just like, do you ever, as a owner,

02:04:13 but just in that space, think about like the Steelers

02:04:18 in the full arc of human history.

02:04:21 So not like as a business.

02:04:23 I mean, okay, this question might be absurd.

02:04:26 I don’t have to think about it as a business.

02:04:28 You know, I’m a minority owner,

02:04:30 so I can think about it almost as a fan,

02:04:33 but I’m sorry, go ahead.

02:04:34 Yeah, well, that’s what I mean.

02:04:35 I suppose this is a dumb question to think of,

02:04:40 like of a business in that way, not just investment,

02:04:44 but like legacy of like what footprint

02:04:49 would you leave on this world, on this history?

02:04:52 That is one thing that I can say unequivocally,

02:04:55 and I only have the experience that I have.

02:04:59 But one of the things that I’m so proud of

02:05:02 about the way the Steelers conduct themselves is,

02:05:07 and that’s the Rooney family,

02:05:08 that’s the legacy of the Rooney family,

02:05:10 is asking constantly about what’s right for the league,

02:05:13 what’s right for the players,

02:05:17 what’s the right thing to do here?

02:05:19 And that’s something that I would hear Mr. Rooney say

02:05:22 all the time.

02:05:23 So I think that legacy is important

02:05:25 because ultimately the team belongs to that city, right?

02:05:29 Belongs to those fans and the owners

02:05:33 are the custodians of that.

02:05:35 So I think, and when you realize what sports teams mean

02:05:41 to the fans, the memories that it creates,

02:05:43 the bonds that it creates, it’s a responsibility.

02:05:50 And I think that you do have to think beyond the,

02:05:55 certainly not just dollars and cents,

02:05:57 but just sports is a very big deal in our society.

02:06:02 And it has to be, I think, held to a standard

02:06:08 that’s not just, well, were we profitable this year?

02:06:12 That’s, there are other businesses for that.

02:06:14 It is certainly a business.

02:06:16 I don’t mean to romanticize to the point that it’s not,

02:06:19 but to me, it’s more than that.

02:06:22 Or at least my experience has been that it’s more than that.

02:06:24 It’s a source of meaning for millions of people.

02:06:28 And you see that most, like during COVID, for example,

02:06:32 when there’s so much desperation,

02:06:33 so many people losing their jobs,

02:06:35 so many people having to deal with the uncertainty

02:06:37 of what the future holds.

02:06:38 There’s something about those sports that just unites us

02:06:42 that again, the tragedy and the triumphs of sport,

02:06:47 of united, of gathering together with your friends,

02:06:50 with family, shared experience of over like this,

02:06:54 yeah, over just team, over rooting for your team,

02:06:58 for your city ultimately.

02:06:59 And the access, again, as I alluded to,

02:07:03 we didn’t have anything when I was growing up,

02:07:05 but I would pour through the box scores.

02:07:07 I was a huge Yankee fan and Steeler fan

02:07:10 and feeling some ownership of that, right?

02:07:13 That I could read the box score and relive what they did

02:07:16 and occasionally see them on TV

02:07:18 and feel like I was part of that celebration

02:07:22 when they won and everything.

02:07:24 It’s a very powerful thing.

02:07:27 You’ve been exceptionally successful in a bunch of avenues

02:07:30 and a bunch of efforts.

02:07:31 What advice would you give to a young person today,

02:07:34 a high school student, a college undergraduate

02:07:38 that’s thinking about career, maybe advice,

02:07:43 not about just career, but about how to live a life

02:07:46 they can be proud of?

02:07:49 You know, we talked earlier about intellectual honesty

02:07:51 and to me, that’s the first step of just saying

02:07:55 to the best of your ability, who am I?

02:07:57 And what’s important to me

02:07:59 and what do I wanna do and accomplish?

02:08:03 If you can start with that

02:08:05 and develop some sort of rules based philosophical,

02:08:10 here’s what I’ll do, what I won’t do.

02:08:14 And that way you can be flexible and pliable

02:08:18 and you’re gonna need to be,

02:08:19 but if you still have a compass that tells you,

02:08:25 hey, at least I know this is the path I’m gonna take,

02:08:28 I think that’s very important.

02:08:29 The rules you’re referring to, the principles,

02:08:33 that’s kind of like underlying integrity.

02:08:35 So knowing what lines you don’t cross on this path.

02:08:39 Exactly right, because if you have those absolutes,

02:08:42 there are many decisions that come into focus very quickly

02:08:46 because hey, that’s not for me, or hey,

02:08:49 I’m willing to do whatever it takes to do X, Y, and Z.

02:08:53 And it has to do with the thing you were talking about.

02:08:56 It’s kind of interesting, you mentioned earlier

02:08:58 in the conversation about slippery slope

02:09:01 and that’s how often it happens,

02:09:03 like how the slipping into unethical behavior happens.

02:09:07 It’s a slippery slope of little adjustments,

02:09:09 you put stuff off and I found that to be,

02:09:13 I’ve been fortunate to not have to encounter these moments

02:09:19 very much in my life, but I still encounter them.

02:09:22 That’s what integrity I think looks like,

02:09:25 is as the slippery slope is happening,

02:09:29 those little things is without drama,

02:09:33 without making a show of it,

02:09:35 making a decision that stands behind your principles

02:09:38 and just walking away.

02:09:40 Yeah, and besides the big ideas,

02:09:42 I’m gonna change the world, I’m gonna innovate,

02:09:46 I’m gonna do all those other things,

02:09:48 I also start, if I’m giving any advice,

02:09:51 which we can debate whether or not I should be giving advice,

02:09:55 but just in terms of, well, let me start with this.

02:09:59 Are you a good friend?

02:10:01 Can you be counted on?

02:10:02 Do you do what you say you’re going to do?

02:10:05 Yeah. Right?

02:10:07 Are you accountable to what you sign up for

02:10:09 and do you hold others accountable?

02:10:12 What does all that look like?

02:10:13 And then I think it’s being as intellectually curious

02:10:18 and well read as you can be.

02:10:20 We live in a world that is designed to distract you, right?

02:10:24 And being able to sit with your thoughts

02:10:27 or go on a walk and think deeply about something

02:10:30 and not just surface area, you text me, I text you back

02:10:34 and we decide the fate of the world

02:10:36 based on a couple of text messages or something.

02:10:42 You don’t wanna lose touch, I think, with being well read

02:10:46 and understanding and standing on great thinkers shoulders

02:10:50 and learning from those works.

02:10:55 And then I also think that there’s resiliency

02:11:00 and then there’s grit.

02:11:02 And I heard someone say one time

02:11:04 that those are slightly different.

02:11:06 And I’m also, I know that there are all kinds

02:11:11 of challenges in life, right?

02:11:13 That are tragic, that are unfair.

02:11:16 There’s no question that’s the world we live in.

02:11:19 But for me personally, to try as much as possible

02:11:23 not to be in the victim mindset

02:11:26 because unfair things are gonna happen.

02:11:30 And we all wanna live in an idealistic, just world.

02:11:36 That should be what we aspire to.

02:11:40 I haven’t seen that yet, I haven’t experienced that yet,

02:11:43 but yet you still have to function in that world.

02:11:47 So I think that that resiliency thing is very important.

02:11:52 And then putting yourself out there, right?

02:11:56 Because if you play scared and you’re always afraid to fail,

02:12:01 you know, this is probably a dumb way

02:12:03 to get to the end of the podcast,

02:12:05 but there are times, especially I’m out West,

02:12:08 I love the big sky out in Montana, Idaho, places like that.

02:12:13 And when you look up at night, it’s almost like

02:12:16 I’ve never seen anything like this before

02:12:18 because there’s no light pollution, so to speak.

02:12:22 And sometimes when I look up,

02:12:23 the most daunting problems that I’m experiencing,

02:12:26 I’m like, those things have been there

02:12:29 for a billion years or whatever,

02:12:31 and I’ll be gone and it doesn’t,

02:12:35 the most famous person on earth 200 years ago, eh.

02:12:41 So it’s pretty fleeting.

02:12:44 And so make sure you have a good journey

02:12:48 and especially coming out of COVID,

02:12:50 I think telling people that you care about them

02:12:53 and maintaining and cultivating your friendships

02:12:56 and relationships and they’re not just transactional, right?

02:13:00 And making sure that someday when you’re laying there,

02:13:04 you can say, yeah, I was a good family member.

02:13:07 I was a good friend.

02:13:10 I was someone that could be counted on.

02:13:11 I think all those things go into the mix of, you know,

02:13:15 however you wanna take the journey.

02:13:17 So when you look up to the stars,

02:13:19 do you think about that quickly approaching end of yours?

02:13:23 Do you think about your own mortality?

02:13:24 Do you think about your death?

02:13:26 Are you afraid of your death?

02:13:27 I’m a huge fan of stoicism, right?

02:13:30 I read a lot of stoicism.

02:13:34 I think Ryan Holiday’s done a great job

02:13:35 of bringing some of that back into the forefront.

02:13:38 It’s just really thought provoking to me

02:13:43 and rings, a lot of it rings, just hits me

02:13:45 and says, I think that’s right.

02:13:47 And that Momento Mori thing, which is,

02:13:51 hey, we’re all gonna die, so you should contemplate it.

02:13:56 There’s a finality to this thing.

02:13:58 And so I think if you can rightly frame that

02:14:03 between fretting about it every day and being afraid

02:14:07 and being so laissez faire that you think, you know,

02:14:09 you’re gonna live forever,

02:14:13 it’ll influence some of the decisions you make.

02:14:15 It’ll influence the way you attack things

02:14:19 and hopefully the way that you live your life.

02:14:23 So yes, I wouldn’t say I obsess over it

02:14:28 and I wouldn’t say it’s omnipresent,

02:14:31 but because I read a lot of stoicism

02:14:33 and just, I think it’s right to pause and say,

02:14:37 who knows, right?

02:14:38 There’s gonna be an expiration date.

02:14:42 And if it happened tomorrow,

02:14:43 have I done the things I wanted to do?

02:14:46 And am I the person I wanted to be?

02:14:50 And I think it’s important along the way

02:14:52 to check those things.

02:14:53 Yeah, I try to make sure that I actually visualize this,

02:14:58 that I’m okay dying at the end of the day,

02:15:01 at the end of each day.

02:15:03 Like, if this is the last thing I do in my life

02:15:05 is talking to you.

02:15:07 Oh, good Lord.

02:15:11 I’m happy.

02:15:12 I know you’re joking, but I, you know,

02:15:15 that, yeah, I’m happy I get to live the life I do

02:15:19 and I think momentum more,

02:15:20 I think the stoics have it right.

02:15:23 So you, and you have it right in saying,

02:15:26 meditate on death enough to remember

02:15:28 that this ride ends pretty quickly,

02:15:31 to help you appreciate every day

02:15:34 and the people you love, the people close to you

02:15:36 and the cool shit that you’re doing in your life,

02:15:39 the cool shit you’re creating.

02:15:40 And the fact that you, Mr. Thomas Tall,

02:15:44 are playing with the motherfucking Rolling Stones tomorrow.

02:15:48 You are the man in so many disciplines,

02:15:50 so respected, so successful.

02:15:52 It’s truly an honor that you sit down

02:15:55 and talk with me today.

02:15:56 Thomas, thank you so much for showing up in Texas

02:15:59 and for talking on this silly little podcast.

02:16:01 Oh, it’s great, man.

02:16:02 I’m a huge fan of the show

02:16:04 and have had a great time hanging with you

02:16:06 and really appreciate it.

02:16:09 Thanks for listening to this conversation with Thomas Tall.

02:16:12 To support this podcast, please check out our sponsors

02:16:14 in the description.

02:16:16 And now, let me leave you with some words

02:16:18 from Mick Jagger and the Rolling Stones.

02:16:21 You can’t always get what you want,

02:16:23 but if you try sometimes,

02:16:25 you might find you’ll get what you need.

02:16:27 Thank you for listening and hope to see you next time.